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HEAD INJURY 7/30/20 - Coggle Diagram
HEAD INJURY 7/30/20
Pathophysiology
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Edema Any brain injury can lead to edema, or swelling. Many injuries cause swelling of the surrounding tissues, but it’s more serious when it occurs in your brain.
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hemorrhage is uncontrolled bleeding. There can be bleeding in the space around your brain, called subarachnoid hemorrhage
hematoma is a collection, or clotting, of blood outside the blood vessels
Adiffuse axonal injury (sheer injury) is an injury to the brain that doesn’t cause bleeding but does damage the brain cells. The damage to the brain cells results in them not being able to function.
Skull fracture Unlike most bones in your body, your skull doesn’t have bone marrow. This makes the skull very strong and difficult to break.
CBC: Complete blood count, coagulation profile, electrolyte levels,
ABG:serum osmolarity, arterial blood gases, and other laboratorytests monitor for complications
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CT identifies and localizes lesions, cerebral edema, and
bleeding
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Anti-seizure: antiepileptic drug (phenytoin or carbamazepine) may reduce the risk of early post-traumatic seizures
Coma- inducing drug:comatose state the brain expends less energy and blood flow is consequently reduced, which minimizes swelling.
Diuretic Taking medicine that helps eliminate extra water from the body. It's also prescribed to treat high blood pressure.
Nursing Interventions
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Document assessment findings, interventions and outcomes
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Patient Education
Swelling Swelling is common after a head injury. To reduce swelling use ice pack and apply to the area for no longer the 10-20 minutes.
Bleeding: Clean the area and apply pressure to the area with a clean sterile gauze. Bleeding should stop within 10 minutes. If bleeding does not stop the patient may need sutures
Rest Encourage and instruct the Patient to lie down, activities should be quite.
PainAcetaminophen (eg, Tylenol) may be given for a person should be evaluated by a health care provide
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