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Health and Human Development Unit 3 - Coggle Diagram
Health and Human Development Unit 3
Understanding Health and Wellbeing
Dimensions
Physical
Emotional
Mental
Social
Spiritual
H&WB as a resource
Individually
Nationally
Globally
Prerequisites for health
Health status
Factors that contribute to disparity between groups
Environmental
Relates to the physical features that surround us
Housing
Work environment
UV exposure
Hazardous substances e.g. asbestos
Dangerous e.g. heavy machinery
Infrastructure and urban design
Buildings, roads, transport, electricity, water etc.
Geographical location of resources like hospitals
Climate and climate change
Sociocultural
Relates to the social and cultural conditions in which people are born, live, work and grow
Early life experiences
Socioeconomic status (SES)
Education
Income
Occupation
Cultural norms
Food security
Access to healthcare
Biological
Relates to the structure of the cells, tissues and systems of the body and how adequately they function
Body weight
Birth weight
Blood cholesterol
Blood pressure
Genetics, including sex and hormones
Glucose regulation
Indicators
Burden of disease (BOD)
Years of life lost due to premature death (YLL)
Years of healthy life lost due to disability (YLD)
Disability adjusted life years (DALY)
1YLD + 1YLL = 1 DALY
Life expectancy
How long a person can expect to live based on current death rates of population if they do not change
Mortality
Under 5 mortality rate
Number of children's deaths under the age of 5 (usually per 1000 live births)
Maternal mortality rate
Number of mothers who die from pregnancy, childbirth or anything related (usually per 100 000 live births)
Mortality rate
Proportion of population who die every year
Infant mortality rate
Number of infant deaths before 1st birthday (usually per 1000 live births)
Death within a population
Morbidity
Level of ill health for a person or within a population
Incidence
Number or proportion of new cases of a condition within a population at a given time
Prevalence
Total number or proportion of cases of a condition within a population at a given time
Health adjusted life expectancy (HALE)
Number of years that a person expects to live in full health based on current rates of ill health and mortality
Self-assessed health status
Person's own perception of their H&WB at a given time
Dynamic
Subjective
Illness vs disease
Promoting Health and Wellbeing
New public health
Social model
Strengths
Limitations
Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion
Old public health
Biomedical model
Strengths
Limitations
Australia's healthcare system
Medicare
Private health insurance
Pharmaceutical benefits scheme (PBS)
National disability insurance scheme (NDIS)
How does it promote health?
Funding
Sustainability
Equity
Access
Road safety
Why is it targeted?
Effectiveness
How it reflects action areas of Ottawa Charter
Indigenous health and wellbeing