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Модальные глаголы Modal verbs - Coggle Diagram
Модальные глаголы
Modal verbs
Моделируют. Model-Modal
Modal verbs - verbs modeling relevants to the situation or action
first
Could - can в прошедшем
Когда речь идет о дозволенности (allowed)
кроме I
Than we were travalling, we were totally free. We could do that we wanted. We were allowed
Be able
to
- для показывания способности в специфичной ситуации, уникальное умение
-I cant swiim.
I am able to smim underwater for about three hours without breathing
Can - мочь в физ. значении
I can swim for about two hours
просьба сделать что-то
Can you open a window?
second
Have to
Somebody is obligated to do something
Просто обязанность
Jane has to travel a lot for her work
I went to the meeting yesterday, but i have to leave early
Отриц форма: Dont have to = i dont need to do it (but i can)
В значении "ты можешь этого не делать, а можешь сделать если хочешь"
must
Somebody is obligated to do something
Обязательство на моральной почве
Mark is a really nice person. You must meet him
Для инструкций и для правил
Documents must be submitted
must нет в прошлом времени
Musnt = dont do it
should = it is a good thing to do
было бы хорошо
I look tired. You should go to bed.
более слабая версия must и have to
You should apologise
You must apologise
Когда "что-то происходит не так"
Where is Danya? He should be here by now
Than we talk about "expectation"
She has been studying hard for the exam. So she should pass
ought to = advice
You ought not to go to bed so late
third
may=possibility=can but not physical
возможность
Where is Ben? He may be here right now
Действия, которые возможно произойдут в будущем
Actions that possible in the future
I havent decided where to go on holiday
I may go to Ireland
May i use my syllabus
might = пр. форма may
if they paid me more, I might work better
could - соглашение
agreement
Where shall we go tonight?
We could go to the cinema
could have done-PP
Могли произойти, но не произошли
Why did you stay at the hotel? You could have stayed with me
could do-PS
Что-то возможно произойдет сейчас или в будущем
I dont know what time iLisa is coming
She could get here at any time
whether can change very quicky in the mountains
The whether is nice now, but it could change later
невозможность-not realistic actions
I am so tired. I could sleep for a week
Must/cant
Cant
I have just had lunch. You cant be hungry already
Must
You have been traveling all day. You must be tired
must in Present perfect = должно быть = может было, может нет
would (бы)- представляем ситуацию или действие
it would be nice to buy car
часто в прошлом
When Ricard was angry, he would walk out of the room - происходили в прошлом = used to
would have done - представляем что не случилось в прошлом
They helped us a lot, I dont know what we would have done without their help
would not do something:=somebody refused to do something
I tried to worn him, but he would not listen to me
I couldnt come, the car wouldnt start