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Respiratory Problems - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory Problems
signs and symptom
Breathlessness
Cause
Instananeous [Pulmonary embolism,Pneumothorax)
Acute (Airway disease,pulmonary embolism,parenchymal disease,heart disease,hyperventilation syndrome,metabolic acidosis)
Gradual (Lobar collapse,Pleural effusion,SVC obstruction)
Chronic (COPD,bronchiectasis,PVD,hypoventilation,general)
Obstuction,restriction,respiratory muscle weakness,hyperventilation
Cough
Cause
Respiratory (infection,sinus disease,irritant,pleural disease)
Cardiovascular (LVF,mitral stenosis)
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Common cold
ไอจาม,มีน้ำมูก,เจ็บคอ,ปวดบริเวณหน้า
ตรวจ nasal swab(เด็ก),throat swab(ผู้หใญ่)
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Tonsillitis
มีไข้,ต่อมทอนซิลโต,เจ็บคอ,กดเจ็บบริเวณหน้าคอ,กลืนลำบาก
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Pharyngitis
มีไข้,ต่อมทอนซิลโต,ปวดคอ,เจ็บหู,ไอ ปวดหัว
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Epiglottitis
มีอาการ 12-24 hr,drooling,dysphagia,distress,stirdor,muffled voice,cyanosis,lymphadenopathy
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ยา Penicillin V or oral amoxicillin,dexamethasone,paracetalmol
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Bronchitis
productive cough,malaise,difficulty breathing,wheezing,cough 10-20 days or 4 wks,runny nose,sore throat,fever
ตรวจ vital signs, SpO2,CBC,CXR,spirometry
ยา antitussive - dexametromethorphan,codeine or guaifenesin,prednisolone
Bronchitis
ไอ,มีไข้,rhinorrhea,crackles,wheezing,rhonchi(48-72hr),tachypnea,grunting
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NS intervention - hydration,nutrition,O2
Pneumonia
Crepitations,rhonchi,egophony,high fever,cough,หายใจสั้น
ตรวจ CBC,e;lyte,BUN,Cr,naso swab,sputum gram stain,H/C,CXR
ยา ABO,O2,saline IV,antipyretic
Influenza
mild case : cough,fever,sore throat,myalgia,headache,runny nose
severe case : shorthness of breath,tachycardia,hypotension,respiratory failure
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ให้ยา antitussive,antipyretic,decongestant,antihistamine
Croup
cough,stirdor,hoarseness,difficulty breathing,fever,masal flaring,retraction,no drooling
nasopharyngeal swab for influenza,x-ray
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