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Making of Nationalism in Europe - Coggle Diagram
Making of Nationalism in Europe
Aristocracy & New Middle Class
Owned estates in countryside
Spoke French for diplomacy purposes and high society
Families connected through marital ties
However, majority of population was of peasants
W and C Europe, growth of industrial production meant growth of towns
Industrialization began in England in 2nd 1/2 of 18th Cent. but in France and Germany began in 19th Cent.
Liberal Nationalism
For new middle class, it stood for = before law and freedom of individual
Emphasized government by consent
Also stood for end to autocracy and clerical privileges
However, = before law did not mean universal suffrage
Napoleonic Code went back to limited suffrage and reduced 👩🦰 to minors
Economic sphere
Stood for freedom of markets
Stood for abolition of restrictions on moving goods and capital
Each region had a ⚖ and 📏 system, involving time consuming calculations
Such conditions were viewed as obstacles to economic exchange and growth
:1834- a zollverein was formed by Prussia and joined by most German states
Abolished tariff barriers and reduced no. of currencies to two
Creation of 🚂 network simulated mobility, harnessing 💲💲 interests to national unification
A New Conservatism
Conservatives believed modernisation could 💪 trad. institutions like the monarchy
Could make state powers more effective
Modern army, efficient bureaucracy, etc could strengthen monarchies in Europe
Treaty of Vienna 1815
Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria met to draw a settlement for Europe
Was hosted by Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich
Was to undo all changes made during Napoleonic wars
Bourbon Dynasty was restored to power and France lost annexed territories
States were set up on French borders to prevent French expansion
Kingdom of Netherlands was set up in North
Prussian was given new territories on western frontiers
Russia was given part of Poland while Prussia was given part of Saxony
Didn't tolerate criticism; curbed activities questioning legitimacy of govt.
Imposed censorship laws