Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
VITAMIN - Coggle Diagram
VITAMIN
- Also known as nicotinic acid.
- Deficiencies lead to pellagra (dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia).
- Can be synthesized from tryptophan in the liver.
- Required in relatively high amounts compared to other vitamins
- NAD+ / NADP+.
- First vitamin discovered (Vital amine = Vitamin).
- Deficiencies lead to disease called Beriberi (neurological disorders, heart problems, anorexia).
- Example of thiamin reaction - Thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP).
- Water soluble Vitamin.
- Corrin ring with Cobalt cation.
- Involved in intramolecular rearrangements, methyl group transfer, reduction of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides
- Forms radical species
- Some vitamins are fat soluble (i.e. vitamins A, D, E, K).
- Vitamin A (retinol) derived from β-carotene is important for vision, regulation of gene expression during cell differentiation and teratogenic.
- Vitamin D – important in calcium absorption, regulates intestinal absorption and deposition in bones.
= Vitamin E – antioxidant
- Vitamin K –needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins required for blood coagulation and in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue.
- Water soluble vitamin.
- Severe deficiencies lead to growth retardation,
reproductive problems and neural degeneration.
- Meat, dairy products, dark green vegetables, legumes and grains are good sources.
- Form FMN and FAD.
- Pantothenic acid is water soluble vitamin.
- Important coenzyme to produce other biologically important molecules (co-enzyme A)
- Co-enzyme A involved in acyl group transfer.
- Hydrophobic acyl groups (fatty acids) are made more water soluble with co-enzyme A attached.
- Water soluble vitamin.
- Produced by gut microflora which supplies ½ Required Daily Allowance.
- Deficiencies are rare.
- Consuming 6 raw eggs a day can cause deficiencies due to the presence avidin.
- Pyridoxal is one of the three natural forms of vitamin B6, along with pyridoxamine and pyridoxine.
- All three forms of vitamin B6 are heterocyclic organic compounds.
- All these forms are converted in the body into a single biologically active form, pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP).
- Lipid soluble electron carriers.
- Important in electron transport chains
- Can accept or donate electrons one or two at a time.
- Water soluble vitamin.
- Folate important during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects in fetus Vitamin B9 deficiencies cause folate deficiencies.
- Has a poly-glutamate tail formed by gamma-carboxy and alpha amino groups (unusual peptide bond).
- Pterin ring important functional group.
-Protein coenzyme.
-Heme containing proteins.
-Fe3+ can undergo reversible one electron reduction
-Important in redox reactions.
