• form:
  verb + adverbial participle (away, back, out) prepositional participle (on, off, up)
• types:
  ✏ intransitive phrasal verbs.
  No object
  ✏ transitive phrasal verbs.
  The noun object can go before or after the particle.
  ✏ prepositional verbs.
  The object goes after the particle.
  ✏ phrasal-prepositional verbs.
  The object goes after the particles
• notes
  ✅ are used in questions and negatives and in the passive voice, in the same way as other verbs.
  ✅ never separate the verb and particle in the passive form:
  ✅ we can sometimes form nouns from multi-word verbs.
  ✅ in some cases when we form a noun out of multi-word verb the order of the verb and particle can be reversed.

• The plane took off very late.
• We're putting the party off/putting off the party because of the awful weather.
• How does she cope with all those kids?
• They're looking forward to the holidays
• Will you be putting the party off? (future continuous question)
  The party has been put off until next month, (pr.perfect passive)
• That story was made up by a resentful employee.
• The car broke down five kilometres from home, (multi-word verb)
  The breakdown happened five kilometres from home, (noun)
• The epidemic first broke out in Namibia, (multi-word verb)
  The first outbreak of the epidemic was in Zaire, (noun)

• if a multi-word verb has no exact synonym - formal, informal
• if a multi-word verb has equivalent meaning - a multi-word verb - informal context; the single verb - more formal context.
  

• grow up
• Honestly, how can you think about money at a time like that. (informal)
  Honestly, how can you consider money at a time like that. (formal)

• sometimes it's possible to get the meaning from the particle.
  but it cann't cover all cases
  on - starting/ continuing/ progressing
  out - thoroughness
  up - completion/ finality

• verb + adverb
  
  • have no object
  • can't be made passive
  • sometimes are used in imperative

• Getting by on my salary isn't easy. (managing)
  Rollerblading never really caught on in English. (became popular)
• My car broke down.
• Watch out! That floor's not very solid.
  Come on! I can't wait all day

• a verb + adverb + direct object (a noun - btw the verb and particle or after the particle / a pronoun - only btw the verb and particle)
  
  • we can't put another adverb btw verb and particle ot btw the particle and object.
  • we can't put a relative pronoun (which) immediately before or after the particle.
    ✒ some phrasal verbs have differnt meaning: intransitive verb - one meaning; transitive verb - another meaning.

• It isn't true, I made it up. I made up that story.
• I paid the loan back early.
• That's the room which I did up.
• The plane took off on time. (intransitive=become airborne)
  The man took off his coat. (transitive = remove)

• verb + preposition + object (a noun / a pronoun - both put after preposition)
  
  • we can put an adverb btw the verb and preposition ( with phrasal verbs it's impossible)
  • in formal Eng we avoid a preposition at the end of the sentence.
  • we can put the preposition in front of the relative pronouns whom or which.
    we can't put he relative pronouns after preposition.
  • can be used in passive

• She looked for her missing passport. (= searched, tried to find)
  Would you mind looking into his complaint? ( = investigating, researching)
  We didn’t fall for it/his story.
• She parted reluctantly with her money
• These are the principles (which) our party stands for.
  These are the principles for which our party stands.
  The marketing strategy is aimed at a target audience of 18 to 25 year olds

• verb + adverb + preposition
  ✅ transitive and can be used in passive
  ✅ a noun/pronoun object: can't be used btw the particles. can't be usually put immidiately after the verb
  ⚠ exaption is when the verb has 2 objects
  
  • another adverb can be placed only btw 2 particles.

• We look forward to hearing from you.
• She was looked up to by all her employees.
• I can't put up this treatment/it with any longer. (not correct)
  I can't put up with this treatment /it any longer.
• We let James in on the plan.
• He stands up strongly for his principles.

preposition after verbs,nouns, adjectives always have an object (noun/pronoun/verb)