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ISSUES IN L1 ACQUISITION - Coggle Diagram
ISSUES IN L1 ACQUISITION
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Nature or Nurture
- Innatist vs Interactionist.
- LAD- innate ability vs language developed through interaction.
- Innate ability only not enough- has to be developed through interaction activities.
Universals
- language is universally acquired in the same manner
- deep structure of language- common to all languages
- So if structure in L1 is similar to L2 structure - 1. can use L1 structure to facilitate L2 learning.
Language and Thought
- Thought and language were seen as two distinct cognitive operations that grow together
- Sapir Whorf hypothesis of linguistic - that each language imposes on its speaker a particular "world view."
- Issue- to determine how thought affects
language, how language affects thought- still being studied
- In class- language learning should include thought/ culture.
Practice
- frequency of hearing and producing items in the acquisition of those items.
- not only speaking, but also comprehension.
- acquisition of particular words or structures directly attributable to their frequency in the child‟s linguistic environment.
- In classroom- the linguistic item most frequently used by teacher will be those produced by stdns first.
Input
- child's primary language input is parented speech.
- Children react very consistently to the deep structure and the communicative function of
language
- expansions and grammatical corrections- largely ignored
But research shows with time- children can transfer correct forms with repeated and meaningful language use in context.
Discourse
- conversational or discourse analysis
- Child's input - from parents, peers, adults in surrounding.
- Research showed- only exposure to language through listening is not enough- need interaction for successful acquisition in context
- Classroom activities- should include interaction activities based on situation/ context.
Imitation
- children are good imitators.
- Research- echoing strategy in early language learning
- Surface structure and deep structure imitation.
- In classroom- important for teachers to use accurately language.
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