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1.3.2. Format for writing a research report - Coggle Diagram
1.3.2. Format for writing a research report
B. Main Body
Introduction
a. Statement of the Problem
This is a general introduction to the topic
b. Significance of the Problem (and historical background)
Comment on why this question merits investigation.
c. Purpose
What is the goal to be gained from a better understanding of this question?
d. Statement of Hypothesis
In one statement (not a question) declare the question which is investigated and the expected results.
e. Assumptions
Explain everything that is assumed in order for the investigation to be undertaken.
f. Limitations
Explain the limitations that may invalidate the study or make it less than accurate.
g. Definition of Terms
Define or clarify any term or concept that is used in the study in a non-traditional manner or in only one of many interpretations.
h. Ethical Considerations
Discusses the ethical issues related to the study and explains the processes and status of the review by the Institutional Review Board.
i. Budget (proposal only)
Outlines and discusses the budget for the study. This is usually only in the proposal.
j. Proposed Timeline (proposal only)
Outlines the expected schedule for beginning and ending each part of the research project and may illustrate with a Gantt Chart. This is usually only in the proposal.
Design of the Study
a. Description of Research Design and Procedures Used
Completely explain step-by-step what was done.
b. Sources of Data
Give complete information about who, what, when, where, and how the data were collected.
c. Sampling Procedures
Explain how the data were limited to the amount which was gathered. If all of the available data were not utilized, how was a representative sample achieved?
d. Methods and Instruments of Data Gathering
Explain the procedures for obtaining the data collected. Include the forms or manner by which it was recorded.
e. Statistical Treatment
Explain the complete mathematical procedures used in analyzing the data and determining the significance of the results.
Analysis of Data
a. text with appropriate
b. tables and
c. figures
Summary and Conclusions
a. Restatement of the Problem
This is a short reiteration of the problem.
b. Description of Procedures
This is a brief reiteration of important elements of the design of the study.
c. Major Findings
The final results from the analysis are presented, the hypothesis stated, and the decision about the rejection or the failure to reject the hypothesis is given.
d. Conclusions
Comments about the implication of the findings are presented.
e. Recommendations for Further Investigation
From the knowledge and experienced gained in undertaking this particular study, how might the study have been improved or what other possible hypotheses might be investigated?
Review of Related Literature (and analysis of previous research)
Gives the reader the necessary background to understand the study by citing the investigations and findings of previous researchers and documents the researcher's knowledge and preparation to investigate the problem.
A. Preliminary Section
Title Page
Be specific. Tell what, when, where, etc. In one main title and a subtitle, give a clear idea of what the paper investigated.
Acknowledgments (if any)
Include only if special help was received from an individual or group.
Table of Contents
List of Tables (if any)
List of Figures (if any)
Abstract
Summarizes the report including the hypotheses, procedures, and major findings.
C. Reference Section
End Notes (if in that format of citation)
These are like footnotes but are located at the back rather than the bottom of each page. These would include all of the references for all works cited in the Review of Related Literature or any other sections of the report as well as the references for quotations, either direct or indirect, taken from other sources, or any footnote comments that might have been included. These are listed in numeric order as presented in the text.
Bibliography or Literature Cited
These are the bibliographic reference for each of the works cited in the End Notes.
Appendix
Any tables, figures, forms, or other materials that are not totally central to the analysis but that need to be included are placed in the Appendix.