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neurotransmitters - Coggle Diagram
neurotransmitters
receptors
importance
determine outcome of neural signaling
types
ionotropic
metabotropic
g protein
response
excitatory
inhibitory
depends e.g. GABAaR
cofactors and voltage dependence
NMDAR
localization
pre-/postsynapse
extra-/peri-/synaptic
spines/dendrite/soma
clustering or grouping influences
magnitude of outcomes
activation of intracellular cofactors
controlled by intracelllular protein like PSD95
ion selectivity
size of the pore (not very important
charge of the amino acids in the pore
conductance
ions that flow through a channel, determine the magnitude of response per quanta
affinity
how quick
how fast
number of binding sites
activation kinetics
deactivation kinetics
desensitization
in voltage gated ion channel
inactivation
trafficking
insertion
lateral diffusion
activity dependent trapping
Ca
pr-pr interactions with PSD molecules
endocytosis
criteria
sythesized and release from neuron
active
repetitive
blocked by antagonist in a dose-dependent manner
active removal mechanism
release
mechanism
diffusion
across the cleft and through the edge
types
uni-vesicular
binary
multi-vesicular
graded
the diffusion at neuro muscular junction is essential
a single neuron may corelease multiple NTM
removal
uptake by neuron or glia
enzymatic degradation
classes
retrograde transmitter
NO and endocannabinoids
small molecules
acetylcholine
aa
GABA
glutamate
glycine
ATP
biogenic amines
peptides
substance P
neuropeptide Y
opioids
enkephalin
endorphins