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DEVELOPMENT IN INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT - Coggle Diagram
DEVELOPMENT IN INSTRUMENTATION &
MEASUREMENT
use of digital computers and
development of new type sensor.
The development of silicon microsensor and inclusion of microcontroller on a single chip are the recent development. Even, latest development the scale in
Computer-aided measurement and data transmission
Nowdays, microcomputers or PCs are versatile and can be interfaced to an experimental set-up, involving a number of sensors, where large amount of data is required to be stored.
The data can be transmitted over a distant location or from the
PC to the mini or mainframe computer.
Data transmission
Parallel transmission
Serial transmission
Type
Parallel
Each bits transmitted simultaneously one line being used for each bit.
Speed of transmission
high
The cost also high due to increased number of wires.
Serial
Each bits transmitted one by another which all the bits and the position and duration is controlled and keep track of.
Speed of transmission
slow
The cost are less compare
to parallel transmission
Fibre Optic Transducer
Optical fibre optic is a type of sensor which work on the principle of alteration of light by external variable like motion, pressure, temperature, flow, strain and etc
The fibre act as light conductor consist of thin strands of
dielectric material like glass, quartz and plastic
The principle
Consists of a thin, low-loss glass wire with a
centre /core region.
Core region have a slightly higher refractive
index compared than cladding
Depends on:
• The size of core region
• Single mode / multimode fibre
Advantages
Enhance safety due to its non-metallic construction and absence of high voltages, sparks.
Capability to use in harsh environment involving corrosive gas due to no chemical reaction.
Low weight and small size hence small
sensor size
Disadvantages
Fragility, requiring careful packaging
Alignment problems due to small size
of optical components.
New technology which cost higher
than a normal copper transducer
Applications
medium of data transmission
Fibre optic pressure transducer
Fibre optic accelerometer
Fibre optic temperature sensor
Fibre optic flow sensor
Fibre optic flow transducer
Requires some particles in the flow to reflect the signals
The input optical fibre carries light which is focused on the fluid
flow.
The output fibre carries the light scattered by the particles in the flowing fluid and particle velocity is found from the modulated frequency spectrum
