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DEVELOPMENT IN INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT - Coggle Diagram
DEVELOPMENT IN INSTRUMENTATION &
MEASUREMENT
Focus to
the use of digital computers and development of new type
sensor.
development of silicon microsensor and inclusion of microcontroller on a single chip are the recent development.
latest development the scale in down to nano size
Computer-aided measurement and data
transmission
microcomputers or PCs are versatile and can be interfaced to an experimental set-up, involving a number of
sensors, where large amount of data is required to be stored
Data transmission
Parallel transmission
Each bits transmitted simultaneously one line being used for each bit.
Speed of transmission is high
The cost also high due to increased number of wires
Serial transmission
Each bits transmitted one by another which all the bits and the position and duration is controlled and keep track of (Handshaking process)
Speed of transmission is slow
The cost are less compare to parallel transmission
Fibre Optic Transducer
is a type of sensor which work on the principle of alteration of light by external variable like motion,pressure, temperature, flow, strain and etc
fibre act as light conductor consist of thin strands of dielectric material like glass, quartz and plastic.
Principle
Consists of a thin, low-loss glass wire with a centre /core region
A light ray propagating in the fibre is trapped by total reflection at the boundary of the core and the cladding material
Core diameter is very small . Average value is 50µm
Multi-mode optical fiber
a type of optical fiber mostly used for communication over short distances, such as within a building or on a campus.
Multi-mode links can be used for data rates up to 100 Gbit/s.
single-mode optical fiber
optical fiber designed to carry only a single mode of light - the transverse mode.
Modes are the possible solutions of the Helmholtz equation for waves, which is obtained by combining Maxwell's equations and the boundary conditions.
These modes define the way the wave travels through space
Advantages
Enhance safety due to its non-metallic construction and absence of high voltages, sparks.
Capability to use in harsh environment involving corrosive gas due to no chemical reaction.
Low weight and small size hence small sensor size.
High sensitivity and fast responses due
to low thermal and inertia mass.
Immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI) due to fibre optic are non conductor.
Capability with fibre optic telemetry system.
Compatibility with attached to modern electronic circuit.
Disadvantages
Fragility, requiring careful packaging.
Alignment problems due to small size
of optical components.
New technology which cost higher
than a normal copper transducer.
