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Chapter 16 Quantitive Data Analysis - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 16 Quantitive Data Analysis
Definition - a process of presenting & interpreting numerical data; can be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics
Variables - a characteristic of interest that varies from one item to another and may take any one of a specified set of values or attributes.
Quantitative variable - generate quantitative data and numerical
Qualitative variable - generate non-numerical or qualitative data
Scales of Measurement
Nominal scale
the data can be classified into a non-numerical or named categories
the order in which these categories can be written or asked is arbitrary
Ordinal scale
the data can be classified into non-numerical or named categories
an inherent order exists among the response categories
Numerical scale
where numbers represent the possible response categories
there is a natural ranking of the categories
zero on the scale has meaning
there is a quantifiable difference within categories and between consecutive categories
Descriptive Statistics
used to describe the basic features of the data in a study
provide with simple graphics analysis, they form the basis of virtually every quantitative analysis of data
used to present quantitative descriptions in a manageable form
used to simplify large amounts of data in a sensible way
Univariate Analysis
the distribution
the central tendency
the dispersion
Inferential Statistics
to investigate questions, models and hypothesis
to infer from the sample data what the population thinks
to make judgements of the probability that an observed difference between groups is a dependable one or one that might have happened by chance in this study
to make inferences from our data to more general conditions
to describe what is going on in our data
Example of inferential statistic test
Pearson's correlation coefficient, r
Chi-squared test for nominal (categorical) data
Mann-Whitney
The Wilcoxon Test for 2 Paired Samples
Independent Samples t-test
Spearman's Coefficient of Rank Correlation
Conclusion - Quantitive Data Analysis are the systematic recording and analysing of the data. It can be analyzed using descriptive or inferential statistics.