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RADIOACTIVITY, i am a pro, saketh is a noob - Coggle Diagram
RADIOACTIVITY
1)TYPES
ISOTOPES
(SAME ATOMIC NO,DIFFERENT MASS NO)
ISOBARS
(SAME MASS NO DIFF ATOMIC NO)
ISOTONE
(SAME NO OF NEUTRONS)
2)DEFINITION=
SPONTANEOUS EMISSION OF ALPHA,BETA,GAMMA FROM THE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM
3)PROPERTIES OF
*ALPHA
==+vely charged
speed= 10^7m/s
4 times mass of protons(6.68*10^-27kg)
helium nucleus
charge=4.79*10^7 per kg
less deflected
max ionising power
least penetrating power
stopping subsance=thin paper
less biological damage
*BETA
negatively charged particles
speed= 2.7*10^8m/s
mass=9.1*10^-31
negative charge -1.6*10^-19C
more deflected than alpha
less ionising power than alpha
large penetrating power than alpha
stopping substance= imm thick lead
more biological damage
GAMMA
highly energetic electromagnetic radiations
speed= 3*10^8m/s
no mass(undefined)
no charge
wavelength(10^-4 to 10^-13 m)
ionising power minimum
penetrating power large
stopping subs==30 cm lead
biological damage== immense damage
USES OF RADIOACTIVITY
1)medical
2)scientific
3)industrial
SOURCES OF HARMFUL RADIATION
nuclear power plants
nuclear waste
cosmic rays
HARMFUL EFFECTS
cancer
leukemia
genetic effects
PRECAUTIONS:
handling radioactive materials very carefully
safe disposal of nuclear waste
measures while establishing a nuclear power plant
BACKGROUND RADIATIONS
internal source(c-14)
external source -cosmic rays
i am a pro
saketh is a noob