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Alzheimer Disease - Coggle Diagram
Alzheimer Disease
RISK FACTORS
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E4 allele
Individuals with one copy of e4 allele are 2-5x more likely to develop Alzheimers and those with two copies are 5-10x more likely to develop Alzheimers. Europeans and Japanese are at highest risk of having this allele.
Down Syndrome
Gene causing Alzheimer's is located on chromosome 21. This gene is present in 3 copies in trisomy 21, which leads to amyloid deposition and the occurance of Alzheimer Disease in individuals with down syndrome.
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WHAT IS IT?
Alzheimer's is a progressive type of dementia that affects memory, thinking, and behavior serious enough to interfere with daily life.
Accounts for 60-70% of dementia cases among older adults.
Affects 5-10% of the population greater than 65 years of age and 40% age 85 years and older.
CAUSATIVE FACTORS
Brain proteins fail to function normally which form plaques and tangles leading to damaged neurons, and loss of connection and communication.
Plaques: Beta amyloid fragment clusters together forming amyloid plaques which disrupt cell-to-cell communication.
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COMMON FINDINGS
Neurodegeneration and decreased cognition including loss of memory, facial recognition, language capability, recall, loss of judgement, and personality alterations.