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chapter 6 POLITICAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT PHASES - Coggle Diagram
chapter 6 POLITICAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT PHASES
1947-1958
Establishment of pakistan
14th august 1947. had 2 arts. first governor genral of pakistan =quada azam. Provisional constiution was adopted with modificaltion in indian acit of 1935. federal system was launced according to this constituion. Liaquat ali khan first prime minister he got objectives resolution passed form the assembly and established a basic principle comitee to draw the new constitution
Pakistani objectives resolution 1949
March 12, the constient assembly adopted a resolution moved by the prime minister.important for formulation of constitution
Mian points are
Sovereignty
Islamic Legislation
Federal Government
Fundamental Rights
Development of Backward Areas
Protection of Minorities
Independence of Judiciary
Salient features of constitution of 1956
Written Constitution
Flexible Constitution
Federal Constitution
Parliamentary System
Unicameral Legislature
Independence of Judiciary
Single Citizenship
Fundamental Rights
Official Language
Islamic Provisions
Constitutional Institutions
1958-1969
Basic Democratic System 1959
In 1959, the then President introduced a new system of Basic Democracies
Union Council & Union Committee
Tehsil (Sub-district) Council and Thana Council
District Council
Divisional Council
Provincial Advisory Council (PAC
Salient Features of Constitution of 1962
Written Constitution
Federal Constitution
Presidential Constitution
Rigid Constitution
Unicameral Legislature
Single Citizenship
Fundamental Rights
Islamic Provisions
Islamic Advisory Council
National Languages
Indirect Democracy
Regime of General Yahya Khan
first genral elections of pakistan helf in 1970.
Causes of Separation of East Pakistan
In December 1971, East Pakistan was separated and became a new country
named Bangladesh
Ayub Khan’s Dictatorial Era
Lack of National Leadership
Poor Economic Condition
Negative Role of Hindu Teachers
Issue of Bengali Language
Provincial Prejudices
Territorial Politics of the Politicians
Conspiracies of Big Powers
Six Points Formula of Sheikh Mujeeb-ur-Rehman
Bhutto – Mujeeb-ur-Rehman Differences
Success of Regional Parties
Military Action
Hijacking of Ganga Aeroplane
India’s Military Interference
General Muhammad Ayub Khan deposed Iskander Mirza in October 1958. He imposed Martial Law.
During the period of Ayub Khan, the war between Pakistan and India started in 1965. fatima jinna took part in practical politics and contested election against him he rules for 10 years
1971-1977
Main Aspects of Economic Reforms
Nationalization of Industries
Nationalization of Banks and Insurance Companies
Land Reforms
Agricultural Reform
Salient Features of Constitution of 1973
Preamble
Written Constitution
Federal Constitution
Semi-Rigid Constitution
National Language
Islamic Constitution
Independent Judiciary
Parliamentary Constitution
Constitutional Institutions
Bicameral Legislature
Fundamental Rights
chair man of ppp zulfiqar ali bhutto fbecame president of pakistan on 20th december 1971. he brought constitution of 1973 which unianmmously approved and started nuclear programme
1977-1988
Major Aspects of the Islamization Process During 1977 – 1988
Shariah Courts
Shariat Ordinance
Zakat and Usher Ordinance
Abolition of Interest
Islamiat and Pakistan Studies as Compulsory Subjects
Prayer arrangements
Ehtram-e-Ramzan Ordinance
Establishing Religious Schools (Madrassas)
Compulsory study of Arabic
The Era of Government of Muhammad Khan Junejo
In 1985, General Zia-ul-Haq amended 1973 Constitution from parliamentary system to presidential system General Zia-ul-Haq become the president for the next five years, and Muhammad Khan Junejo became the prime minister
Lifting up Martial Law
Muhammad Khan Junjo as President of the Muslim League
Foreign Tour
Development programme of Muhammad Khan Junejo’s Government
Ojrhi Camp Disaster
The Dismissal of the Junejo Government
Afghan Jihad
The invasion by Russian forces into Afghanistan in 1979 created a new challenge for Pakistan. General
Zia-ul-Haq stood against the intervention of the Russian forces in Afghanistan.
The beginning of jihad
Geneva Accord
The Impact on Pakistani Society
On 5th July 1977, General Zia-ul-Haq overthrew the Bhutto’s government and declared martial law. He
ruled over the country for about 11 years from July 1977 to August 1988.
1988-1999
The Third Era of Prime Minister Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif & PML(N) Govt.
elected as PM in 1990 election only remained for 2.5 years. when President Ghulam Ishaq Khan dissolved the assembly
and dismissed government by using the section 58-2-B
Important events
Announcement of Agricultural Policy
Privatization Commission
Agreement among provinces on water distribution
Baitul Maal
Foreign Policy
National Plans
The dismissal of Nawaz Sharif’s Government
First Government Era of Benazir Bhutto
General Elections were held in 1988, and the leader of Pakistan People’s Party, Benazir Bhutto was elected But this government remained for one and half year . year, when the President Ghulam Ishaq Khan using the powers under Section 58-2-B of the constitution. dismissed the Benazir Bhutto’s government and dissolved the assembly
Important events
The dissolution of the Balochistan Assembly
Presidential Election
Pakistan rejoins Commonwealth
Foreign Policy
Social Welfare
The Dismissal of Benazir Bhutto’s Government
Second Government Era of Benazir Bhutto
oct 1993 PM . but this government remained for three years, when President Farooq Ahmed dismissed the
government and dissolved the assembly by using the section 58-2-B.
Importsant events
Development programmes
Plans for farmers and women
Eighth 5-year plan
Foreign visits and the Kashmir Issue
NWFP Assembly was dissolved
Dismissal of Benazir Bhutto’s Governmen
Second Government Era of Nawaz Sharif
New elections Pm on feb 1997. 12th October 1999, General Parvez Musharaf removed the democratic government
of Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif and took over the country
Important events
The resignations of Justice Sajjad Ali Shah and President Farooq Ahmed Khan Laghari
Justice (Retd) Rafiq Tarar elected as President
‘Retire debt, adorn the country’ scheme
Rights of vote to Pakistanis abroad
Restriction on floor crossing
Census of 1998
The announcement of an education policy
Lahore Islamabad Motorway
The repeal of clause 58-2-B from the 1973 Constitution
Atomic blasts (Pakistan as Nuclear Power)
20
Lahore Declaration
The entry of army into WAPDA
Kargil Invasion
The removal of Nawaz Sharif Government
1999 ONWARD
The Era of General Pervez Musharraf:
suspended the constitution, overthrew the government of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and dissolved the national and provincial ASSEMBLIES
IMP events
Devolution Plan, 2000
War on Terrorism
National Referendum, 2002
Presidential Election, October 2007
National Re-Conciliation Order
Benazir Returns to Pakistan
Provisional Constitutional Order (PCO), 2007
Imposition of Emergency
Impacts of emergency on Economy
Elections 2008
Death of Benazir Bhutto
The Era of President Asif Ali Zardari & PPP Government
Long March
Terrorism and Military Operations (Rah-e-Rast, Rah-e-Nijat, Malakand)
18th Constitutional Amendment
Elections 2013
The Third Era of Prime Minister Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif & PML(N) Govt.
Operation Zarb-e-Azab
PTI’s Azadi March, PAT’s Inqilaab March
Electoral Reforms
China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)
Rising Economic Growth
Imprisonment of Nawaz Sharif and Maryam Nawaz
Shahid Khaqan Abbasi as New Prime Minister
Elections 2018
The Naya Pakistan of Prime Minister Imran Khan
NAB Role
Corruption Scandals
FATF
Taxations Reforms