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RESPIRATORY MUSCLES, by:fariza - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Functions
        
        provide significant support to rib cage and protection of the ribs
        
        provide mechanism for depressing the rib cage
      - Origin
        
        from superior margin of each rib and medially to insert into inferior surface of rib above
    - - Function
        
        decreases the volume of thoracic cavity when contract
      - Found in the inner surface of ribcage
      - Origin
        
        from margin of the sternum
  - - - Located between external abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis
      - Unilateral contraction: assist in rotation of the trunk
      - Bilateral contraction: assist flexion of the trunk. Exp; bending
    - - Located at the side and front of the abdomen
      - Origin along the osseous portion of lower seven ribs and fan downward to insert into iliac crest, inguinal ligament and the lateral part of rectus abdominis
      - Unilateral contraction: trunk rotation
      - Bilateral contraction: flexes the vertebral column
    - - Located under the obliques
      - deepest abdominal muscles
      - Function
        
        reduces the volume of the abdomen
    - - prominent midline muscles of abdominal region
      - Function: draws the chest closer to the knees and compresses abdominal content
      - inferior origin at the pubis
  - - - Origin
        
        Located on the inner posterior wall of thorax
        
        can span more than one rib
      - Innervation
        
        intercostal nerves of the thorax
    - - Origin
        
        from spinous processes of T11,T12 and L1 through L3 and laterally to insert into lower margin of the lower five ribs
      - Function
        
        pulls rib cage down for expiration
  - - - Unilateral contraction: assist lateral movement of trunk
      - Bilateral contraction: fixes abdominal wall in support of abdominal compression
      - Origin: along iliac crest and fan up into transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
  - - - Origin
        
        lumbar, sacral and lower thoracic vertebrae, with fibers rising fanlike to insert into humerus
      - Function
        
        movement of upper extremities. Exp: hand
- - - - Attach along the inferior boundary of the rib cage and xiphoid process and to the vertebral column in the posterior aspect
      - Function
        
        Contract to result of pulling down of central tendon
      - Separates the abdominal and thoracic cavity
      - Expands the lungs in the vertical dimension
  - - - Internal and External Intercostal Muscles
        
        External intercostal muscle elevates the rib cage and increasing the anterior dimension and the volume of the lungs
    - - Serratus Posterior Superior
        
        Function
        
        elevation of the rib cage from the process of contraction
        
        Origin
        
        spinous processes of C7 and T1 through T3
      - Levatores Costarum
        
        longus portion
        
        origin from the transverse processes of T7 through T11
        
        brevis portion
        
        origin from the transverse processes of vertebrae C7 through T11
        
        Function
        
        elevate the rib cage by shortening of the brevis and longus
  - - - Origin
        
        from the transverse processes of C1 through C4 and courses down to insert into the medial border of the scapula
      - Function
        
        Provides neck support secondarily as the result of its function as an elevator of the scapula
    - - Origin
        
        Rhomboideus Major
        
        origin on the spinous processes of T2 through T5
        
        Rhomboideus Minor
        
        origin from C7 and T1
      - Function
        
        Provide the support for the upper body. Exp; shoulder girdle
      - rhomboid muscles course down and laterally to insert into the medial border of the scapula
    - - Origin
        
        along the spinous processes of C2 to T12
      - Function
        
        elongation of the neck and in head control from contraction of the muscle
      - Fibers of this muscle fan laterally to insert into the acromion of scapula and superior surface of clavicle
  - - - middle scaleni
        
        origin from the transverse processes of vertebrae C2 and through C7
      - posterior scaleni
        
        origin from the transverse processes of vertebrae C5 and through C7
      - anterior scaleni
        
        origin from the transverse processes of vertebrae C3 and through C6
      - Functions
        
        Provide stability to the head and facilitate rotation of the neck
    - - Function
        
        elevate the sternum and subsequently the anterior rib cage when both left and right sternocleidomastoid muscles are contracted simultaneously
        
        rotate the head toward the side of contraction when contracted separately
      - Origin
        
        mastoid process of the temporal bone to its insertion at the sternum (sterno) and clavicle (cleido)
  - - - Origin
        
        arise from ribs 1 through 9 along the side of thorax
      - Function
        
        elevate the ribs to which it is attached and subsequently the rib cage from contraction
    - - Minor
        
        origin from the anterior surface of ribs 2 through 5
      - Major
        
        Origin
        
        sternal head attaches along the length of the sternum at the costal cartilages
        
        clavicular head arises from the anterior surface of the clavicle
        
        Function
        
        elevates the sternum and increases the transverse dimension of the rib cage