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4.0 HOST PARASITE RELATIONSHIP - Coggle Diagram
4.0 HOST PARASITE RELATIONSHIP
Range of relationships
Saprophytes –
Free living microbes subsisting on dead or decaying organic matter.
Parasites –
Microbes establishing and multiplying themselves in hosts.
Commensals –
Microbes living in complete harmony with host without causing any harm to them.
Pathogens -
Microbes capable of causing disease in host.
Microbial pathogenesis
—process of causing disease
Colonization—
presence of microbes at site of body
Does not imply tissue damage or disease symptoms
Does imply invasion of site and multiplication
Characteristics of Parasitism
Encounter: agent meets host
Entry: agent enters host
Spread: agent spreads
Multiplication: agent multiplies
Damage: agent, host response, or both
Outcome: agent or host wins, or coexist
Biological activities of the Endotoxins
-Pyrogenicity
-Lethal action
- Blood Pressure
-Activation of complement
-Intravascular coagulation
-Leucopoenia / Leukocytosis
- Glucose / Glycogen synthesis in Liver
-Stimulation of B cells
-Macrophage inhibition
-Interferon release
-Induction of prostaglandin synthesis
Exo Vs Endotoxins
-Protein
-Heat Labile
-Secreted by cells. Diffuse out
-Separable by filtration
-Enzymatic action
-Specific effect
-Specific tissue affinity
-Active in small qty
-Highly antigenic
-Action neutralized by specific antibody
-Can be toxoided
-Mainly produced by Gram + bacteria. Few Gram – ve bact
-Protein-Polysaccharide-Lipid Complex
-Heat Stable
-Part of cell wall. No diffusion
-Obtained only by cell lysis
-No Enzymatic action
-Effect non-specific
-Non-specific
-Active in large doses
-Weakly antigenic
-Antibody does not neutralize
-Can not be toxoided
-Produced only by Gram negative bacteria