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Nervous System Gostorogaray & Martilotta - Coggle Diagram
Nervous System
Gostorogaray & Martilotta
Definition
System in charge of transmitting nerves impulses between the part of the body by nerves and fibres
Structure
Made of animals cells called neurons
carry messages very quickly. For this, they have the "Axon" which the longest fibre of cytoplasm in it and the shortest ones that are called "Dendron or Dendrites"
Function
The dentries pick up electrical signals called nerve Impulses from other neurons around. This travels to the cell body, along the Axon and to another Neuron
lasts very short time
Myelin: Layer of fat and protein that insulates these nerves fibres
Central nervous system
made up of the brain, spinal cord and neurons
Role
Coordinates messages traveling through the nervous system
Peripheral Nervous System
made up of nerves and receptors
Process
Receptor detects a stimulus, sends an electrical impulse to the CNS. This recieves the impulse and sends an impulse on along the appropiate nerve fibres to the appropiate effector
Reflex arcs
Is a mechanism that controls a reflex (involutary actions)
Stimulus-Receptor 2. Sensory Neuron(carrying an impulse from a sensory receptor) 3. Relay Neuron(neurons that relay the impulses on to others
neurons and to effector) 4. Motor Neuron
Effector
Response
The sensory neuron has axon that inside of it has a hundred of tiny vacuoles or vesicles that contain a chemical called a neurotransmitter (on one side of the synapse)
synapse
Synaptic clefts: gaps between each pair of the three neurons involved in the reflex arc
a junction between two nerve cell consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter
ensure that nerve impulses travels only one direction
Process
Impulse arrives along this Axon causes these vesicles to move to the cell membrane and empty their contents into the synaptic cleft.
The neurotransmitter diffuses across a tiny gap and attaches the receptor molecules in the cell membrane of the relay neuron (shape of its molecules is complementary to the one of receptor molecules)
The binding of the neurotransmitter with the receptor triggers an impulse that is in there. This one, sweeps along the relay neuron until reaches the next synapse.
Characteristics
Does not involves the conscious part of the brain
Is very useful and quicky
