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MINING - Coggle Diagram
MINING
Methods
Open cast mining/Quarrying
Remove top soil
Loosen rock with explosives and diggers
Remove in trucks
Deep mining
Sinking vertical shaft through rocks until reaching minerals
Digging horizontal tunnel
Miners extract minerals
Bringing up loose rock and minerals to surface
Oil extraction
In land
Off-shore
Formation of fossil fuels
Coal
Whole forests decompose forming a thick layer of peat
Rivers compress it with mud and sand
Sedimentary rocks and coal is formed over millions of years
Natural Gas
Dead plants and animals decompose over seabed
Remains are covered by mud and sand
Sand compresses into sandstone rock separating oil from gas
Gas risie through sandstone and remains trapped in it´s pores
Oil
Dead plants and animals decompose over seabed into oil
Remains are covered by mud and sand
Sand compresses into sandstone rock separating oil from gas
Risks
Deep mining
Tunnel roofs may collapse over miners
Floods
Fire and explosions are more likely to happen due to the presence of gas
Routes could be blocked
Gas extraction
Contamination of water
Oil extraction
Explosions
Leaks
By Valentino, Jean and Lola