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cellular mechanism of intrinsic plasticity - Coggle Diagram
cellular mechanism of intrinsic plasticity
mediated by changes of ion channels in the membrane (channel diversity and abundancy
biophysical properties
gene diversity
expression level (global
transcriptional regulation
regulatory sequences
components
TF binding sites
enhancer
silencer
promoter
transcription factors
activator
activators work synergistically
often assemble into complexes
coactivator
corepressor
repressor
mechanism
masking activation surface
direct interaction with the general TFs
competitive binding with activator
recruitment of chromatin remodeling complexes
epigenetics mechanism
epigenetics
inheritable without changing DNA sequence
mechanism
histone modification (acetylation/methylation)
chromatin relaxed with modification
enhance transcription
methylation of cytosine
chromatin relaxed without methylation
enhance transcription
alternative splicing
produce the different forms of protein from the same gene
e.g. Nav1.5/1.6: presence or absence of exon 18
posttranslational modification
types
phosphorylation
affect ion channel activity
glycosylation
acetylation
ubiquitination
regulating ion channel stability and trafficking
tagging lysine
PY motif in ion channels can be ubiquitinated lead to different tissue distribution
SUMOylation (small ubiquitin-like modifier)
affect
activity
translocation
interaction
subcellular localization
e.g.
localization of voltage gated ion channels in axons
uneven distribution of ion channels in neuron
translational control
miRNA
pathology
epilepsy
affect
ion channels
techniques
genome-wide analysis
micro-array analysis
targeted gene analysis
expression
qPCR
promoter analysis
bioinformatics analysis
use reporter gene ( in vivo or in vitro
cloning sequences
transcription factor analysis
same process as promoter analysis
analyze functional effect on target protein