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SEWAGE WATER TREATMENT - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Contains a highly permeable media such bed of rocks, gravel, molded plastic material and ceramics that used to make the filter bed
      - Biofilm are formed as a layer of the microorganism are attached to the media in the bed
      - As the wastewater passes through the media, the microorganisms consume and remove contaminants from the wastewater.
      - The organic matter in the slime layer that trickling over the surface are converted into carbon dioxide and water by aerobic microorganisms.
      - The wastewater under pre-treatment to remove solid and greasy materials before being passed to a trickling filter to prevent it from covering the thin layer of microorganism presence.
      - The application of the waste with microorganism can be increase through the recycling of the water for proper treatment.
    - - Process that involve high concentration of microorganisms such as bacteria, protozoa and fungi that helps in breaking down the organic matter and removed it from wastewater.
      - The microorganisms are composed of 70-90% organic matter and 10-30 % inorganic matter.
      - To preserve a concentrated population of microbes, the concentrated biological solids are then recycled back to the aeration tank.
      - The sewage organic matter is converted into carbon dioxide and water through the oxidation process by the microorganisms.
      - The end products such as CO2 , SO4, NO3, and PO4 are oxidized and the carbonaceous organic matter of the wastewater is converted into cell tissue by the activity of the microbes.
      - The overall reactions occurring in the activated sludge system are determined by the composite metabolism of all the microorganisms in the activated sludge.
  - - - A direct solid-liquid separation by membrane filtration using micro or ultrafiltration membrane technology that combined with biological degradation process of activated sludge.
      - The bacterial flocs and all suspended solids are physically retained within the bioreactor.
      - Has high volumetric loading, less sludge production, high effluent quality and good disinfection capability.
    - - Consists of series of anaerobic, facultative and maturations ponds
      - The suspended solids and some organic matter present are removed in the anaerobic pond
      - Algae and heterotrophic bacteria such as Arthrobacter sp., Rhodococcus sp, and Pseudomonas sp. are used to remove the remaining organic matter in the facultative pond.
      - Maturation pond removed the pathogens and nutrients
      - Natural disinfection mechanism is used to treat the wastewater
      - Wind velocity is crucial for mixing up the pond water to form an uniform distribution of organic matter, dissolved oxygen, bacteria and algae.