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Atomic structure and the periodic table., image - Coggle Diagram
Atomic structure and the periodic table.
Elements VS Compounds Vs Mixtures
Elements: Are particles that contains only one kind of an atom.
Compounds: Are made up of 2 or more different elements which are chemically bonded.
A mixture: Is made up of 2 or more different elements which is not chemically bonded.
Atomic structure
Components in an atomic structure
Protons: Protons are positively charged. Protons are responsible for half the mass of an atom. Protons and neutrons are situated inside the nucleus.
Neutrons: Neutrons are neutral charged, meaning they are neither positive nor negative. Neutrons and protons are situated inside the nucleus.They are responsible for the other half of the mass
Electron: An electron is negatively charged. It doesn’t contribute much to the atomic mass of an atom. It is also arranged in specific shells far away from the nucleus.
An atom always has an equal number of protons and electrons
Definitions
Atomic number: Atomic number is calculated or equivalent to the number of protons. The periodic table is arranged considering the atomic number.
Atomic mass: Is calculated or equivalent to the total number of protons and neutrons. This number is almost the exact mass of the atom.
Atoms: Atoms are the smallest particles of matter, that can’t broken down further.
Electronic configuration
What is electronic configuration: Electronic configuration is a formula that is used to identify the location of an electron.This helps us to find out the limit of electrons that should be in a shell.
Formula to locate and know the limit of electrons in a shell: 2N square. In this formula n=number of shells.
EX: So if we want to find the limit of electrons in shell 6 than the limit would be 72.
Images
Periodic table
Metals VS Non-metals
Metals
Good conductor of heat and electricity
High melting and boiling points
Strong
Malleable and ductile
Shiny
Sonorous
Metals from positive ions
Metals have high density
Non- Metals are or have:
Poor conductor of heat and electricity
Low melting and boiling points.
Brittle
Non-malleable and Non-ductile
Dull
Non-Sonorous
Non-Metals form positive ions
Non-Metals have high density.
Pattern in periodic table
The period number tells us how many shells are there.
All the elements in a group have the same number of valence electrons.
The valence electrons tells us how an element reacts.
All elements in a group react the same way
All the elements in group 0 have a stable arrangement of electrons causing none of them to react.
