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History - Coggle Diagram
History
Concepts
Perspective
A persons point of view, the position from which they see and understand events going on in the world around them.
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Continuity and Change
Continuity: aspects of the past that stay the same Change: aspects of the past that do not stay the same.
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Causes of WW1
The Alliance System
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Bosnia - Herzegovina was a member of the Triple Entente because Russia was a supporter of their independence form Austria - Hungary. This meant that conflict between B-H and A-H would lead to conflict amongst all the 3 countries who were members of the two alliances.
Nationalism
Before WWI, B-H was under control of A-H. B-H was made up of different ethnic groups, including Bosnian's, Serbs and Croats who did not see themselves ethnically linked to Austria or Hungary. Bosnian's wanted to join with Serbia to form their own nation.
Russia had been supporting moves by B-H to become independent and unite with Serbia, so when a Serbian youth was accused of assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria in 1914, Russia was drawn into the conflict.
Nationalism is a sense of pride in, and a love of, ones nation. It grows out of an understanding of common goals and beliefs between the people of a nation -shared language, culture, history etc. It can unite or divide people
Imperialism
Imperialism is a policy by which a country increases its power by gaining control over new territories to create an empire, usually done for financial or strategic reasons.
Main rivals in the race for new colonies in Africa: England, France and Germany
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Kaiser Wilhelm II attempted to block further expansion by France. He sent German troops to take control of a number of French colonies in North Africa. France, with Britain's support, resisted Germany's attacks. Germany was defeated. Events escalated the tension between the powers.
Militarism
Militarism is the belief that all nations should build and maintain strong armed forces so that they are prepared to defend themselves against attack or promote their national interests
In the lead up to WWI, many European countries competed over the size of their armies
After 1871, all major European nations except Britain also introduced conscription. All men over the age of 18 were forced to serve a minimum period in the armed forces such as the army or the navy
By early 1914, even though the leaders of Europe were still talking of peace, they were clearly involved in an arms race and were preparing for war.
Working Conditions
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Child Labour
Children were seen as ideal employees: they were small enough to fit between new machinery, they were cheap employ, their families were grateful for the extra income, education was not compulsory, so this was not a concern (and most of the working class couldn't afford it anyway).
They were often orphans, provided to local factories or mills by local authorities
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Jobs were simple, but physically demanding and dangerous
Pay was sometimes 20% of adults, and they were sometimes paid in vouchers to be used at stores owned by the owners.
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