Communication in Organizations

Categories of Interpersonal
Communication

Non-Verbal Communication

Written Communication

Oral Communication

Face-to-face conversations, group discussions, telephone calls, and other situations in which the spoken word is used to express meaning.

Memos, letters, reports, notes, email, and other
methods in which the written word is used to transmit meaning.

A communication transmitted through actions and behaviors rather than through words.

Barriers to Effective Communication

Language
characteristics

Information Overload

Trust and Credibility

Gender Differences
and Other Factors

This lack of trust can cause the receiver to look for
hidden meanings in the sender’s message.

It can also cause the sender to try and manipulate the
message.

Lack of trust between the sender and the receiver.

Managers and organizations can experience information overload when the amount of data that can be processed is exceeded.

Cross-Cultural diversity

They may have different behaviors, styles, and ways
of looking at things.

A common problem in cross-cultural communication is
ethnocentrism.

Individuals from different cultures may encode and
decode their messages differently.

Ethnocentrism is the tendency to consider one’s own
culture and its values as being superior to others.

words and phrases in our language are imprecise.Individuals often use different meanings or interpretations of the same word and do not realize it.


The imprecision and multiple meanings of words are
one reason why jargon develops

Gender Differences

Other Factors

Gender differences can result in breakdowns and lead to distorted communication and misunderstandings between men and women.

May cause us to focus on information that helps us
make a choice quickly.

Achieving Communication
Effectiveness

Be mindful

Support with action

Examine true purpopse

Follow up

Clarify your idea

Consult with others