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Chapter One: Active Reading Made By: Brendan Alexander G10D :star:,…
Chapter One: Active Reading
Made By: Brendan Alexander G10D :star:
Introduction to Reading (1.1 and 1.2)
There are two types of reading:
Active Reading:
Comprehending what the writer is trying to convey through specific word choices
Writers can also convey their intentions visually, using fonts, illustrations, charts, etc.
Comprehending the text more than its literal definition; looking for shades of meaning, connotations, etc.
Reading whilst critically thinking by asking and answering yourself questions
Passive Reading
Does not explore writer’s intentions or anything more than its literal definition
No critical thinking required
Focuses on literal definitions
Why should we learn this for IGCSE?
comprehend the literal meaning
discover the shades of meaning or connotations of the words the writers use
form conclusions on how the writer achieves this affect.
What to expect to analyze in exams?
non-fictional compositions (newspapers, news reports)
personal compositions (memoirs, journals)
fictional compositions (narratives, novellas)
Learning to Actively Read (1.3, 1.4, 1.5)
How to practice the good habit of active reading?
Explore different varieties of texts and thoroughly read while critically thinking how the writer conveys his intentions.
What to read?
Business Brochures
Novellas
Advertisements
News Reports
Highlight or underline important terminologies or phrases
Important terminologies or phrases helps you to focus on what's relevant and important
Ask yourself questions that others may ask
Asking questions help you to find any flaws or holes in your comprehension, which can be patched by re-reading the passage
Look at the passage in the point of view of the author
Writers often give clues on what to focus on with their words (most significantly, as a result, etc.
How to be more efficient?
Skimming
Reading the entire paper swiftly, focusing on important details to get an overview of the text and question
Examples to pay attention on: titles, headlines, captions, prologue, etc.
Scanning
Focusing only on the sections of the paper that are related to the question and obtaining vital information
Searching for Important Terminologies and Phrases (Key Words)
Finding these terminologies informs you on which sections of the text to focus on, being more time efficient.
Facts and Opinions
Separating facts from opinions makes information easier to organize
With this, you can easily remove unrelated data
Dealing with Distractions
Most texts begin with long introductions and 'ornaments' filled with unrelated information
Just skim through them until you find some related data, then start scanning again
Keep asking questions along the way as you scan and skim
Some texts contain difficult sentences or words that you do not understand
Slow down, look at the context in which it is being used to find the meaning of it
When answering, paraphrase those perplexing sentences/words to prove to the examiners you do understand its meaning and is not just copy-pasting
If those complex sentences/words aren't related to what you are searching for, then skim through it to be more time efficient
Final Tip
In non-fiction purely factual texts, separate arguments from examples to organize your data
Noticing each paragraph's topic sentence also gives you a brief overview of it and to find out what's in it
Allows you to be more time efficient in deciding which paragraphs to skim and which to scan
Looking at closing sentences might help too
Linking them to other closing sentences could emphasize some points that you might've missed
Always analyze the entire format of the paper, to be more time efficient
Usually in first sentence, not always
Summary of All Vital Key Terms
Passive Reading: normal reading and only caring about literal definitions, not caring about the connotations behind them and the writer's intentions.
Active Reading: critically thinking as you read, diving deep into the words if there is more to it (like the writer's intentions) other than its literal meaning.
Non-fiction: when the entire passage is based on real life.
Convey: how writers elaborate their writing intentions through words.
Gist: main or overall idea of the paper.
Key words: important terminologies informing you on which sections of the paper to focus on.
Facts: statements unaffected by personal view, can be defended by proof
Opinions: statements that differ from person to person, unable to be definitively classified as right or wrong
Distractors: any additional content that does not relate to what you are searching for
Informative Writing: a purely factual text based on real life explaining/informing a specific topic
Topic Sentence: Sentence giving you an overview of what the paragraph is going to talk about
Graphics/Graphical Feature: visualizations to help extend the writer's intentions and further the reader's comprehension of what is being discussed
Layout Feature: how content is distributed, ordered, and placed in a piece of writing
Additional Sub-Topic: Newspaper Article
Two Defining Characteristics:
Graphics/Graphical Features: visualizations to help emphasize and further the reader's understanding
Layout Feature: format and order in which the content is placed and ordered