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BMR Relation to Primary Diet - Coggle Diagram
BMR Relation to Primary Diet
Introduction
background
Databases show that on average, mammals and birds with bigger body masses live longer than smaller mammals and birds (respectively) (Speakman JR 2005).
Databases also show a positive correlation between body mass and BMR for both mammals and birds (JR Speakman 2005).
unknown
Does primary diet affect the mammals' or bird's BMR?
Does there diet have a possible affect on lifespan as well?
What is a possible connection between BMR and lifespan?
question/hypothesis
Carnivores will have a higher BMR for mammals and birds compared to mammals and birds that are herbivores or omnivores.
It is possible that there is a relationship between energy expenditure (BMR) and primary diet since it takes more energy to catch prey as opposed to grazing for food
Which would have a higher BMR in mammals: carnivores, omnivores or herbivores?
Which would have a higher BMR in birds: carnivores, herbivores, or omnivores?
approach
Compare average BMR of birds and mammals to their primary diet category: carnivore,omnivore or herbivore
Results
T-stat value for comparison of BMR for mammals and birds was 5.819, which was larger than the two tail critical value (1.968), showing differences in BMR between mammals and birds
The two tail p-value was substantially less than 0.05, further demonstrating significant differences between BMR of mammals and birds.
For mammals: the average BMR for carnivores was higher than the average BMR of herbivores and omnivores
For birds: the average BMR for canivores was higher than the average BMR for herbivores and omnivores
Abstract
Extracting data from Quaardvark and using a two-sample t-test to assess relationship between BMR and primary diet of birds and mammals
Strong correlation between average BMR and primary diet, with carnivores having higher BMR than herbivores or omnivores
Assessing average basal metabolic rate (BMR) of birds and mammals compared to their primary diet
Method
The design of this experiment will be compare BMR of mammals and birds to their primary diet category and use statistical analysis to asses the degree of correlaton
Mammals (mammalia) and birds (aves) will be the focus of this experiment for comparisson.
Procedure
Utilizing data acquired by the University of Michigan on Quaardvark on mammals and birds
Organizing extracted data on excel into groups by taxonomic class (mammalia or aves), then by primary diet (herbivore, omnivore, or carnivore)
Using a two-sample t-test to gather statistical data on correlation between BMR and primary diet for mammals and birds
Citations
McNab BK. 2008. An analysis of the factors that influence the level and scaling of mammalian BMR. Comp Biochem Phys Part A. 151:5-28.
Speakman JR. 2005. Body size, energy metabolism and lifespan. Jour Exp Biol. 208:1717-1730.
Glazier DS. 2008. Effects of metabolic level on the body size scaling of metabolic rate in birds and mammals. Proc R Soc B. 275:1405-1410.
Discussion
Statistical analysis demonstrates a relationship between BMR and primary diet for mammals and birds
The relationship observed could be from larger energy expenditure to feed for carnivores than herbivores or omnivores that have a choice for food
summary/significance
While larger birds and mammals tend to have larger BMR's than smaller ones, bird and mammals carnivores have the highest BMR based on diet from larger pressures and demands that come with larger mass sizes.
According to McNab (2008), BMR of mammals is influenced by a multitude of factors aside from primary diet, with emphasis on habitat
Further studies could be carried out to asses the effect of habitat on BMR with categorization of primary diet
Glazier (2008) points out that metabolic energy expelled not only relates to exercising (as seen in carnivores trying to catch prey) but through digestion and insulation (retaining of fat) as well
Carnivores having larger BMR's could be related to higher demand for exercise, digestion, and fat insulation
More energy necessary to possibly have a longer lifespan