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Communication in Organizations - Coggle Diagram
Communication in Organizations
Communication and the
Manager's Job
Communication
A process in which one person or group evokes a shared or common meaning to another person or group.
Effective Communication
The process of sending a message in such a way that the message received is as close in meaning as possible to the message intended.
The Communication Process
Steps in the
Communication Process
Transmitting through the appropriate channel or medium.
Decoding the message back into a form that has meaning to the receiver.
Encoding the meaning into a form appropriate to the situation.
“Noise” is anything disrupting the communication process.
Sender deciding to transmit a fact, idea, opinion, or other information to the receiver.
Feedback is the process of verifying messages.
Social Context
The setting in which the communication takes place.
Sender
The sender initiates the communication
process by encoding his or her
meaning and sending the message through a channel.
Encoding
The sender translates the sender’s ideas into a systematic set of
symbols or a language expressing the communicator’s purpose.
Message
The tangible forms of coded symbols that are intended to give a
particular meaning to the information or data
Channel
The carrier of the message or the
means by which the message is sent.
Receiver
The receiving person or group must make sense of the
information received.
Decoding
The translation of received messages into interpreted meanings.
Feedback
The process of verifying messages and the receiver’s attempts to ensure that the message he or she decoded is what the sender really meant to convey.
Noise
Any internal or external interference or distraction with the intended message that can cause distortion in the sending and receiving of messages.
Types of Communication
in Organization
Formal Communication
Follows the official reporting relationships and/or
prescribed channels.
Informal Communication
May or may not follow official reporting relationships
and/or prescribed organizational channels
and may have nothing to do with official
organizational business.
Formal Communication
Vertical Communication
Communication that flows up and down the
organization, usually along formal reporting lines.
Horizontal Communication
Communication that flows laterally within the organization; involves persons at the same level of the organization.
Informal Communication
Grapevine
An informal communication network that is not
officially sanctioned by the organization
Single-strand
A tells B, B tells C, C tells D and so on. This type of grapevine is least accurate at passing on information.
Gossip
One person seeks out and tells everyone the information he has obtained.
Probability
Individual are indifferent about whom they offer information to. They tell people at random, and those people in turn tell others at random.
Cluster
Person A conveys the information to a few selected individuals that he or she trusts. They are most likely to pass on information that is interesting to them and job related. It is a dominant grapevine pattern in organization
Technological Communication
Telework
Electronic mail
Videoconferencing
The Internet