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HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA - Coggle Diagram
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA
Malaysia environmental issues are increasingly complex and require more integrated solution that offers solution of more than one problem in a holistic approach
Current status
Industry and economic growth development
Initially, industrial sector consisted of oil refining, machinery assembly and light industries
Manufacturing sector was boosted in 1970s and 1980s by growth of electric assembly and electronics sector
Important producer of radios, television sets, stereo equipment etc
Industrial sector contribute 37.2% of overall GDP in 2000
Hazardous waste in Malaysia perspective
Classified as scheduled waste if it is included in 77 categories of hazardous waste in First Schedule of the Environmental Quality Regulations 2005
Waste which contains one or more properties that pose risks and danger to health or the environment
Trends in hazardous waste distribution characteristics and production
In 2004, largest quantitites of hazardous waste were produced in Penang, Perak, Johor and Selangor
Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan, Kelantan and Perlis produced relatively small amounts of hazardous waste
-55 to 58% of scheduled waste will be recycled at off-site
local SWRF
-65 to 90 % being reused at SWRF process plant as product
-10 to 35% as waste residue
Brief issues in handling current hazardous waste management
Defining, identifying, classifying and quantifying the various types of toxic and hazardous waste generated
Developing a system to manage the storage, transportation and disposal of past and current hazardous waste
Developing a set of standards for treatment, storage, recovery of waste and disposal of waste facilities
Establishing a permit system for the approval of hazardous waste landfills, incinerators, recovery facilities and integrated waste management center
Regulations, standards and policy systems for the management of hazardous waste
Customs (prohibition of exports) 1993
Customs (prohibition of imports) 1993
Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005
Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes Treatment and Disposal Facilities) Order 1989
Environmental Impact Assessment 1987
Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes Treatment and Disposal Facilities)
Problems
Illegal dumping of scheduled wastes
Status of spent batteries and electronic waste (E-waste)
Pontetially hazardous
Generated at an alarming rate
Strategies and future focus
Strengthen the hazardous waste management policy
Complete the creation of a system of technical and economic policies and related regulations
Enforcement
Strengthen the functioning of the government enforcement of waste management policies
Strengthen the cooperation between governmental departments
Recovery/reuse of waste
Several new activities must be set in place
Reduction in hazardous waste volume by recycling, recovery or reuse
Contaminated land
Initiate a compilation of contaminated soil status
A set of soil pollution guidelines should be drawn up to assist in managing this problem
Counter measures
Require advance support tools that can effectively monitor and control illegal dumping of toxic waste
Consider research and development of analytical environmental forensic methods for hazardous waste fingerprinting to recognize the culprit factory
Carry out audits on waste generators, recyclers and disposal facilities
Provide special training for officers
Disposal of hazardous waste
Look upon the issue of how to moderate the dispsosal cost of treatment
Review present cost for waste recovery