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motor areas - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The body is represented upside down
        in the cortex;
        
        very similar to the
        corresponding ‘sensory cortex’
        in the postcentral gyrus.
        
        Neurons in the motor area
        
        also receive input from the somatic sensory area I and II.
        
        This information contributes to movements involving the use of individual muscle groups,
        thus increase the accuracy of motor control.
        
        Supplementary motor area is
        
        organized somatotropically
        
        but is less precise than in the motor cortex.
        
        It is primarily involved in voluntary movements
        which are complex and involve planning
        i.e. in programming motor sequences.
        
        Lesion of this area produces
        difficulty in performing complex activities
        specially those requiring bimanual coordination.
- - - - It is involved in complicated motor functions such as:
        
        a change in the force or velocity of a movement, a change from one task to another;
        
        a movement made in response to visual input or spoken command;
        
        Two-handed coordination; and
        
        postural support for a wide variety of detailed movements, i.e. setting posture at the start of a planned movement.
        
        It is also an important ‘gateway’ for relaying processed information to the primary motor cortex or directly to the descending pathways from other regions of the brain.
        
        Stimulation of this area produces predominantly excitatory effects
        i.e. gross rotation of the eyes,
        head and trunk to the ‘opposite’ side of the body.
        
        It is most involved in control of
        proximal limb muscles.