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MEDICAL WASTE MANAGMENT (NASIHA SAKINAH SAADON_EH2208F) - Coggle Diagram
MEDICAL WASTE MANAGMENT
(NASIHA SAKINAH SAADON_EH2208F)
Infectious waste management plan
handling sharps
common risk
recapping needles
failing to disposed meedles
accidental breakage of tube use in blood collection
precaution
avoid use needle when ther are another alternattive
use device with safety feature
avoid recapping needle
plan safe handling and disposal needles
packaging sharps
must be red, have biohazard label
remain upright when use
rigid puncture resistance container
packaging
select packaging
use packaging that maintain integrity during storage
closing top each bag
storage
warm temeprature cause higher rate microbial growth
recommendations
locate storage near treatment site
minimizing storage time
limit acces to storage area
segregation medical waste
segreagare with multipe hazard as necessary for management
use distinctive and cleary container
segregate at point of origin
use universal biological symbol
do not combine medical with hazardous waste
separate pathology and chemoteraphy waste
if waste mixed,
medical & radiactive - decontaminate and manage radiactive waste
-medical&hazardous - decontaminate as hazardous waste
-medical7radiactive& hazardous - decontaminate and manage as radioactive
transport
frequent disinfection of carts
placement infectious waste into rigid/semi rigid
avoid mechanical loading device
designation of waste
infectious plan in facility should be specify
responsible officer/ committee should determine other miscellaneous waste
medical waste hauling
methods
by healthcaree professinal employed
by contract transporter
by mail,parcel post, couries service
medical waste
includes:
1) infectious waste
2)hazardous include radioactive
3)waste generate from health care institution
regulated medical waste
sharps
human blood and blood product
certain animal waste
certain isolation wates
human pathogen waste
unused sharp
ciltures and stocks of infectious agent
infectious waste
factors
dose
portal entry
presence of pathogen of sufficient virulence
resistance of host
categories
pathological waste- tissue, organs
contaminated sharps- needles/syrige/scalpel blades
human blood and blood products
contaminated animal carcassess,body,animal bedding
cultures and stockof infectious agent and associate biological
micellous contaminant
waste from surger
miscellaneous lab waste
dialysis waste
contaminant equipment
isolation waste - generated by hospitalized who are isolated
On site treatment
thermal inactivation
involve high temperature
used large volume
pathogen determine the temp and duration
consider:
type of microorganism
degree contaminant
amount proteinaceous material
type of disinfectant
contact time
incineration
regulated emission from medical waste
particulate matter
-carbon monoxide
sulfur dioxide
hydrogen chloride
nitrogen oxides
mercury
gas/vapor sterilization
commony used ethylene oxide as agent
autoclaving
steam sterilization use saturated steam at high temp to infectious agent
most effective woth low density material
techniques
PPE
minimize aerosol
prevent spillage
prevent burn from handle hot container
plastic bag placed in rigid container
infectiouswaste contain noninfectious hazard should not be steam sterilizer
waste contain antineoplastic drug, toxic should not steam sterilizer
sterilization irridation
advantages
nominal electric requirement
steam not required
-no heat or chemical remain
disadvantage
high cost
highly traine personnel
disposal radiation cancause problem
radiofrequency irridation
factors
include frequency and wavelength, duration exposure and moisture content
microwave irridation
factors
include wavelength, duration exposure, process temp, moisture content
Mercury
risk mercuy spill is high
Purchasing Department must be vigilant in purchasing and accept shipment
trainin for mercury auditing (one-one basis)
remove mercury means "get it out from hospital'
assessmnt need to be done is safe atmosphere
exposure control plan
Plan
determination employee exposue
implementation exposure control methods
hepatitis B vaccination
post exposure evaluation
communacation hazard to employee
records
proceduare evaluate exposure accident
exposure steps
wash area throughly with water and soap
flush affected area when blood splashed in eye/mucous
see physician
report incident
referral to HCP
documentation