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Anaemia: Iron Deficiency - Coggle Diagram
Anaemia: Iron Deficiency
Definition
Iron deficiency occurs as result of long-term negative iron balance. The iron deficiency spectrum ranges from iron depletion to iron deficiency anaemia.
most common cause of microcytic anaemia and hypochromic anaemia. mean cell volume (MCV) and mean cell haemoglobin (MCH), are reduced and the blood film shows small (microcytic) and pale (hypochromic) red cells.
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Assessment
Detailed medical Hx-1. ask about symptoms 2. Hx of angina, palpitations and ankle swelling. 2.Diet. 3. Drug Hx (NSAIDS, Aspirin, SSRIs, clopidogrel 4. Signs of bruising/bleeding 5. Family Hx 6. Recent illness (GI bleed) 7. Menstrual Hx 8. Travel Hx 9. Weight loss
Signs of anaemia- pale,fatigue, dyspnoea,headache, dizziness, irritability, sore tongue,
Hx, examination and investigations
Investigations- FBC- low Hb and MCV- check ferritin. In older people consider B12, Folate and ferritin
Causes
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Other causes-medication, blood donation, self harm, haematuria (rare)
Complications
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Pregnancy-low birth weight, preterm delivery, post partum fatigue, and infant anaemia
Management
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Prescribe all people with iron deficiency anaemia oral ferrous sulfate 200 mg tablets two or three times a day — treatment should continue for 3 months after iron deficiency is corrected to allow stores to be replenished.
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Referral
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Gastroenterology
Urgent referral via suspected cancer pathway- people over 60, under 50 years with rectal bleeding
All men and postmenopausal women with iron deficiency anaemia unless they have overt non-gastrointestinal bleeding.
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Premenopausal women if they are aged under 50 years and have colonic symptoms, a strong family history
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Prescribing
Take with food, reduce doses
Adverse effects:constipation, diarrhoea, epigastric pain, faecal impaction, GI irritation, nausea
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