KAWA Model
Theorist
Research
Evaluation
Function/Dysfunction
Change/Motivation
Intervention Guidelines
Focus
Often used in Eastern cultures
River metaphor
Water: life flow
Rocks: life circumstances and problems
Vary in size and impede flow
Driftwood: personal assets and liabilities
Help or hinder flow
River Banks: external environmental factor
effect of social factors or relationships
Spaces between elements
Opportunities
Iwama
Naturalistic studies in Japan
Function: greater speed in water can represent greater health and well-being
Dysfunction: a collective experience; illness or health condition does not create a disability
Change: occupations are method of change
Engage in meaningful occupations
Motivation: need to be accepted and belong in a community/society
Clients drawing of their kawa
Identify elements of the individual
Respect traditions of social status and convention
Education
Group interventions
Often used in Japan or other Eastern cultures/countries