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Observation - Coggle Diagram

- - - - They are not showing you
    - - Analyse against
        
        Milestone
        
        It'll give you something to compare or hold onto
        
        If the child is not performing well as stated in milestone, you can start looking closer into how much effort you need to give.
        
        Not everyone will do the same thing at the same time
        
        Rate of development differs from people
  - - - We understand why a certain behaviour keeps appearing & may not be the fault of this child but the environment, somebody
  - - - The child will be motivated
      - Helps teachers in our teaching
  - - - :question: Easy/ Difficult/ Slow-to-warm child?
        :question: Gets upset over slightest thing?
        :question: Can deal with changes ?
        
        Help us try to understand the child better & for us to help the child by giving this child ample notice
  - - - “How to engage?”
      - “How to extend attention?”
      - Curriculum
        
        “What to teach?”
        
        “What to use to teach the child?”
        
        Let us know where he is or his developmental stage
        
        Figure out what to access & decide how to go about teaching instruction
        
        What do I say, give the child in terms of activities
  - - - :smiley:
      - :frowning_face:
      - :unamused:
    - - Describe how this child is interacting, manoeuvring with different materials
    - - Give idea of how confident & competent about themselves
        
        Use mood cues
        
        Behaviour
        
        Describe how the child is looking/ expressing himself rather than jumping straight into saying “sad”, “angry”
        
        Keep track of how this child regulate/ not regulate his emotions
    - - Understanding of verbal & cognitive development
        
        Use direct quote
        
        Word by word
        
        Analyse language development
        
        How he expresses his thoughts verbally
        
        Whether he is able to use vocabulary in the right context
        
        Note speech development
        
        Their understanding of the world
        
        Cannot see what they think but you can hear explanation from what they speak about, what they understand
    - - Take note of time, whether the child keep focus a not, how long he spend at each activity
        
        Determine whether the child is able to keep focus & that’s IMPORTANT
        
        If the child can’t keep focus to complete a task
        
        He will have problem later on in school where they have to study
- - - - Brief narrative account describing an accident of child behaviour that is important to the observer
        
        Something significant
      - What is recorded
        
        Describe what happen in a factual, objective manner
        
        How it happened
        
        When & where it happened
        
        “Why” is better kept in the commentary part
        
        Interpretation/ summary
      - Advantages
        
        Cumulative
        
        A series of them over a period of time, can be extremely useful in providing RICH details about the chid
        
        Combined with photos, anecdote written as captions for photos
        
        Time with children is not disrupted
        
        Can be done with one or more children
        
        No training required
      - Record is done
        
        Most often after the incident has occurred, by someone who witnessed it formally
        
        Rather than during occurrence, by someone who was formally observing & recording
      - Disadvantages
        
        Some people find it difficult
        
        Rely on memory
        
        Unsureness will be there
        
        Not that objective
    - - Advantages
        
        Allow us to record minute details
        
        Not considered practical when trying to collect a great deal of info about a child
      - What is recorded
        
        Includes ALL behaviours & not just selected incidents
      - Record is done
        
        Written as the behaviour occurs
      - Disadvantages
        
        One child
        
        Must not be interrupted
        
        Someone must help
- - - - During teaching
      - Purpose: Inform and improve instructions
      - E.g. During tutorials
        
        Teachers will decide whether she should repeat the explanation/ move ahead according to students’ answers
      - More suitable for younger children
        
        Observing them in natural setting will be able to capture their true essence of their development
        
        Children are sensitive to changes to the environment
        
        Slightest change will make them uncomfortable
        
        :star: Some will not be able to show their understanding & ability to do things
    - - Experienced it years in school
      - Strengthen areas where they are good at
      - Improve weakness
      - Evaluate acquisition of knowledge/ skills after teaching
      - E.g. End of year exams
  - - - Observe what child is doing & listen to what they’re saying
      - Document
        
        Document learning process
        
        Write it down
        
        Describe how they interact with one another/ materials
        
        Reflect
        
        Analyse
        
        Look at document & analyse using knowledge in child development, what does the child tell you about his development & ability
        
        Use
        
        How to help
        
        Improve/ Extend learning?
        
        Upon deciding, implement learning experience
        
        1 more item...
  - - - What you want to find out/ look for
      - Identify the child
        
        Which child to focus attention on
        
        Identify observational tool
        
        Each tools has adv & disadv
        
        It’s best to understand the use of different tools so that we can get best appropriate tools to record what we want to see
        
        Set up schedule & follow observation
- - - - Be intentional in planning experiences that build on children’s interest & development
      - Harness
      - Improve
- - - - He’s too anxious
  - - - Child might feel uncomfortable
- - - - Watch child closely & look for information e.g. How are they safe? In what way are they solving problems, manage emotions?
        
        Not info like "Are they safe?"
        
        Gain, gather info of child
      - Watching & listening
        
        Words that they say will tell you what they think, how they see the world, how they solve issues
        
        Looking, seeing, viewing the actions as outsiders
        
        Without your input, perspection :star: DON“T JUDGE！！
        
        Info of the child would not be authentic once you judge as it is mixed with YOUR own views
        
        Gain, gather info
        
        Use our senses & try to keep out of it
        
        Try to write what we see, hear from the child