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BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES, WATER - Coggle Diagram
BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
CARBOHYDRATES
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GLUCOSE- is a hexose monosaccharide. there are 2 types of glucose- alpha and beta. beta has an inverted carboxyl group on carbon 2. beta glucose is found in cellulose cell walls.
monosaccharides joined by GLYCOSIDIC BONDS to form di/polysaccharides by a CONDENSATION reaction as H20 is removed
AMYLOSE(starch)- unbranched chain of A-glucose. coiled structure, compact and good for storage
AMYLOPECTIN(startch)- branched chain of A-glucose. branches allow the glucose to be released quicker.
GLYCOGEN- animals store excess glucose as glycogen. many side branches, energy can be release rapidly, compact and good for storage
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LIPIDS
TRIGLYCERIDE- made up of 3 fatty acids tails and a glycerol. the tails are hydrophobic, they repel water, making lipids insoluble.
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PHOSPHOLIPID- found in cell membranes. control what enters and leaves the cell. tails are hydrophobic but head is hydrophillic
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WATER
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TRANSPORT MEDIUM- as it is a liquid and solvent it can transport substances very easily such as glucose, and oxygen around plants and animals.
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IT IS A HABITAT- becomes less dense when it freezes; so it insulates the water beneath it, allowing organisms to survive and reproduce
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POLAR- makes it very cohesive, helps water to flow- this helps with substances transportation in plants and animals. being polar also makes water a good solvent. as the slightly positive end will be attracted to the negative ion