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Lipids - Coggle Diagram
Lipids
Properties
Are a heterogeneous group of compounds, mainly composed of hydrocarbon chains.
Are energy-rich organic molecules, which provide energy for different life processes.
In biological systems because they form the cell membrane, a mechanical barrier that divides a cell from the external environment.
Pure fats and oils are colorless, odorless, and tasteless.
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Insoluble in water
Soluble in organic solvents like alcohol, chloroform, acetone, benzene, etc.
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Types
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Complex Lipids
Phospholipids: Lipids containing, in addition to fatty acids and alcohol, a phosphoric acid residue.
Glycolipids (glycosphingolipids): Lipids containing a fatty acid, sphingosine, and carbohydrate.
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Derivated Lipids
Hydrolysis product of simple and compound lipids is called derived lipids. They include fatty acid, glycerol, sphingosine and steroid derivatives.
Steroid derivatives are phenanthrene structures that are quite different from lipids made up of fatty acids.
Classification
Saponifiable
A saponifiable lipid contains one or more ester groups allowing it to undergo hydrolysis in the presence of an acid, base, or enzymes.
Nonsaponifiable
A nonsaponifiable lipid cannot be broken up into smaller molecules by hydrolysis, which includes triglycerides, waxes, phospholipids, and sphingolipids.
What are Lipids?
These organic compounds are nonpolar molecules, which are soluble only in nonpolar solvents and insoluble in water because water is polar molecules.
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