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CHAPTER 7: TRANSPORT LAYER - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 7: TRANSPORT LAYER
Role of the Transport Layer
The Transport Layer is responsible for establishing a temporary
communication session between two applications and delivering data between them. TCP/IP uses two protocols to achieve this:
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
The transport layer moves data between applications on devices in the network
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Primary Responsibilities of Transport layer Protocols
Segmenting data for manageability and reassembling segmented
data into streams of application data at the destination
Identifying the proper application for each communication stream
Tracking the individual communication between applications on the
source and destination hosts
Conversation Multiplexing
Segmenting the data
Provides the means to both send and receive data when running multiple applications.
Header added to each segment to identify it.
Enables many different communications, from many different users, to be interleaved (multiplexed) on the same network, at the
same time.
Transport Layer Reliability
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Provides just the basic functions for delivery – no reliability
Less overhead
TCP or UDP
There is a trade-off between the value of reliability and the burden it
places on the network.
Application developers choose the transport protocol based on the
requirements of their applications.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Provides reliable delivery ensuring that all of the data arrives at the
destination.
Uses acknowledged delivery and other processes to ensure delivery
Makes larger demands on the network – more overhead
Different applications have different transport reliability requirements TCP/IP provides two transport layer protocols, TCP and UDP
Introducing TCP
Reliable delivery – retransmitting lost or corrupt data
Ordered data reconstruction – numbering and sequencing of
segments
Connection-oriented – creating a session between source and
destination
Flow control - regulating the amount of data transmitted
RFC 793
Stateful protocol – keeping track of the session
Introducing UDP
Connectionless
Unreliable delivery
RFC 768
No ordered data reconstruction
No flow control
Stateless protocol
Applications that use UDP:
Video Streaming
Voice over IP (VoIP)
Applications that use UDP:
TCP and UDP Port Addressing
Netstat
- Used to examine TCP connections that are open and running on a networked host
Applications that use TCP
FTP
SMTP
HTTP
Telnet
Applications that use UDP
SNMP
TFTP
DNS
VoIP
DHCP
IPTV