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IRSYAD AL-FATWA SERIES 176: TYPES AND METHOD OF SOIL FOR SERTU…
IRSYAD AL-FATWA SERIES 176: TYPES AND METHOD OF SOIL FOR SERTU (PURIFICATION FROM NAJIS MUGHALLAZAH)
What is the method and types of soil that can be used for sertu?
Narrations Regarding the Process of Sertu (Purification from Najis Mughallazah) of Containers that Have Been Licked by a Dog.
"If a dog drinks from the utensil of anyone of you it is essential to wash it seven times."
Sahih al-Bukhari (172)
"Wash the vessel the dog has drunk from seven times: the first or the last of them with dirt.”
Sunan al-Tirmizi (91)
"If a dog licks the vessel of any one of you, let him wash it seven times, one of the washing with dust."
Sunan al-Bazzar (8887)
The Definition of Turab “التراب” (Soil)
According to Arabic dictionaries such as Mu
jam al-Ghaniy, Mu
jam al-Ra’id, Mu
jam al-Lughah al-
Arabiyyah al-Mu
asir dan Mu
jam al-Wasit, turab (soil) is defined as soft soil on the surface of earth.
In Arabic, the terms used for soil are al-Turab “التراب” or al-Thin “الطين”. Among the Quranic and prophetic evidences that uses these terms are:
“And of His signs is that He created you from dust; then, suddenly you were human beings dispersing [throughout the earth].”
Surah al-Rum (20
“And people are all the children of Adam, and Adam was [created] from dust."
Sunan al-Tirmizi (3955)
Kamus Dewan defines soil as the outermost layer of the earth
The Ruling of Tatrib (using soil) When Purifying Dog’s Najis
First: al-Syafi’eyyah scholars hold the opinion that it is obligatory to wash using soil mixed with water to purify najis from dogs and swine and what is born from them
Second: Meanwhile, mazhab Imam Ahmad states that it is permissible to use other than soil in the process of sertu, such as using soap or others. Refer Al-Mughni, Ibn Qudamah (1/74).
Third: As for scholars of al-Hanafiyyah and al-Malikiyyah, they hold the opinion that it is not obligatory to purify using soil for this matter (dog and swine). See Mausu’ah al-Fiqhiyyah al-Kuwaitiyyah (114/3).
The Ruling of Washing Seven Times
Al-Malikiyyah scholars hold the opinion that washing seven times is ta’abbudiyy, for their opinion is that the water licked by a dog is pure.
the majority of Islamic scholars of al-Hanafiyyah, al-Syafi’eyyah and al-Hanabilah hold the opinion that the ta’abbud is just for the seven times and not for the practise of purification, for it is mu’allal (with reason). Thus, water that is licked by a dog is najis.
the scholars have differing opinions as to whether it is necessary to wash seven times or not. The opinions are divided into two:
First: It is obligatory to wash seven times, and this is the opinion in mazhab Malik, mazhab Syafie and mazhab Ahmad. They refer to the hadith from Abu Hurairah RA, as stated at the beginning of this discussion.
Second: It is not obligatory to wash seven times, and this is according to the opinion of mazhab Abu Hanifah. This is due to the fact that dog’s saliva is the same as other najis, and it enough to wash with a single washing to purify the najis. However, the washing for seven times is mustahab and not obligatory. They refer to a fatwa that was once issued by Abu Hurairah RA, he stated that it is enough to wash three times to purify the najis of dog’s saliva, in narrations by Imam al-Thalawi and al-Daraquthni. This shows that the seven times washing is abrogated.