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A104 Water, Specific heat capacity: Energy required to raise 1kg of water…
A104 Water
4 NATIONAL TAPS
NEWater
- Reused water from catchment and sewage
- Vigorous purification process (reverse osmosis, UV lights)
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Desalination plants
- Turning seawater into fresh water
- Very costly
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Importance:
- Reliance on self (Contract ends in 2061)
- Ensure constant water supply
- Feed our growing demands
- Water conservation to avoid strain
COHESION & ADHESION
Adhesion
- Forms hydrogen bonds with non-water molecules
- Allows water to "stick" to surfaces
- Help transport water in plants & animals
Cohesion
- Water molecules are hydrogen bonded to many other water molecules
- The bond is very strong due to hydrogen bonds
- Creates surface tension
- Pulls water up during transpiration pull in plants
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
- H2O
- Polar molecule
- Covalent bond
- Hydrogen bonds
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HIGH DENSITY
- In solid (ice), it has a crystalline lattice structure, lower molecule/vol, lower density than water (ice floats)
↳ Water molecule is H-bond to 4 other molecules, and is spaced out, reducing density
- Ice on the surface act as an insulator (heat cannot escape via surface)
Provides warmer climate for marine life below, water does not freeze, marine life thrives
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GOOD SOLVENT
- Water is polar, dissolves polar & ionic substances
- Dissolves common substances such as alcohol & salts
- Transport substances (glucose, salts, oxygen) in organisms
- Reactant for metabolic and biochemical reactions (hydrolysis & dehydration) *
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