Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Radiolucent Lesions (Ch 19) - Coggle Diagram

- - - - May cause swelling extra orally; may see swelling in mouth, but pain is not usually there; radiograph appearance shows scalloping cyst with well delineated radiolucent characteristics; margins may vary in sharpness and ill-defined; may see root resorption, loss of lamina dura, Cortical expansion, and cortical thinning; cavity is usually empty when opened but can occasionally be filled with blood
    - - May continue to expand and increase in size were not detected; must be drained to begin healing
    - - Not applicable
    - - Treatment involves opening; heals well over six months to one year
    - - Thoughts because by trauma; not considered a true cyst because it is not epithelium line; other considerations in ideology are venous obstruction, local disturbance in bone growth, altered calcium metabolism, and ischemic marrow necrosis
  - - - Patient is usually asymptomatic; lesions are discovered on routine radiographs; periapical COD occurs at the apex of vital tea, propensity for anterior mandibular; cementoma is asymptomatic and usually not noticed
    - - Tooth tests vital with periapical COD, so root canal is not necessary
    - - Not applicable
    - - Requires no treatment, extraction or surgery is not required since teeth remain vital
    - - Unknown, but considered a dysplastic process affecting cells in the PDL and their ability to remodel bone and cementum
  - - - Patient may see swelling with or without pain; radiographic features are a unilocular or multilocular lesion; setting and expansion of cortical bone; ballooning and distention of cortical bone may also be seen
    - - May cause the teeth to become displaced or loose because of bone expansion
    - - Not applicable
    - - Excision and curettage a treatment of choice; prognosis is good when lesion is removed completely; other cases may call for cryotherapy, sclerotherapy, radionuclide ablation, and en bloc resection
    - - A pseudo cyst; does not have epithelium lined lumen; benign; filled with blood; maybe from trauma or genetic source
  - - - May be found in any region of the mandible and maxilla but usually found in maxillary anterior region at the apex of a non-vital tooth; patient may experience no pain; root resorption appearing as blunting of surface maybe seen; can be differentiated from the periapical granuloma by radiograph
    - - Failure to remove completely results in recurrence
    - - Not applicable
    - - Treatment involves removal by extraction, surgery with curettage, and root canal therapy; antibiotics might be needed; prognosis is good with complete removal
    - - Common causes are carries, trauma such as fracture or injury to the tooth, or periodontal disease
  - - - Represents accumulation of granulation tissue at apical area of non-vital tooth; not distinguishable from ridiculous cyst, tooth may be asymptomatic and will test non-vital in most cases; on radiograph seen as a round or ovoid translucent lesion
    - - Vitality testing is important; endodontic treatment is needed if it is not vital; periapical granuloma and radicular cyst can only be differentiated and diagnosed by histology
    - - Not applicable
    - - Extraction or endodontic treatment is the usual procedure; sometimes apical curettage an apicoectomy maybe performed antibiotic treatment is needed prognosis is good it's completely removed
    - - Result of necrotic pulp tissue and buy products from an inflammatory process that damages the tissue at the apex; first stage of an inflammatory process caused by trauma, injury to the pope, carries, periodontal disease, or fractures to the tooth;results and resorption of bone surrounding the roots
- - - - Lymphadenopathy, fever, and pain, especially in acute form; Acute infection produce less destruction of bone then chronic; and chronic may see patches of necrotic bone and diffuse radiolucent lesions that are more modeled, with a sclerotic appearance
    - - Macy pain and lymphadenopathy; must find cause and address it; will need antibiotic so important to identify specific organism through lab
    - - May involve several infectious organisms
    - - Drainage and antibiotics are needed; surgery is indicated, with antibiotic coverage
    - - Periapical abscess is most often the cause of the acute form; male prevalence; mandible most affected because of poor vascular supply and dense cortical bone more susceptible to infection; specific bacteria may be staphylococci, actinomyces, and streptococci; Chronic form may be caused by long term inflammatory reaction
- - - - Found as masses within gingiva; may resemble gingival cyst or peripheral giant cell granuloma; present as expansile intraosseous lesion or tender gingival swelling; on radiographs see unilocular or multilocular radiolucencies with clearly defined margins; shows mixture of calcifying and radiolucent properties; distinguish by presence of ghost cells microscopically which calcify; often see root divergence
    - - Definitive diagnosis is crucial to rule out more aggressive lesions; must completely remove
    - - Not applicable
    - - Surgical excision is recommended; prognosis is good
    - - Derive from reduced enamel epithelium or odontogenic epithelium; variations are debated with non-neoplastic, neoplastic, and malignant
  - - - May be an inverted pear-shaped lesion because of location, causing divergence of tooth roots; circumscribed and radiolucent; vitality of the pope provides evidence about the type; a classic radiographic characteristic is divergence of roots when lesion is large enough; biopsy is needed to determine the cyst type
    - - Must test vitality of teeth involved; endodontic therapy when necessary
    - - Not applicable
    - - Surgical removal is the treatment of choice, and prognosis is good depending on tape; resemblance to OKC should be evaluated because of high reoccurrence rate with these
    - - Considered to represent multiple types of cysts such as periapical or lateral periodontal cyst, laterally placed radicular cysts, central giant cell tumors, myxomas, and OKC, as well as others
  - - - Occur in posterior mandibular region; can occupy most of the ramus; may displays teeth once in large and extend through the cancellous bone into oral cavity leading to jaw fracture; radiograph shows multilocular or unilocular, well circumscribed, radiolucent with scalloped appearance; resembles ameloblastoma sometimes; very aggressive features
    - - Shows association with nevoid BCC syndrome
    - - Not applicable
    - - Careful removal is crucial; must remove capsule; most today are treated by decompression (marsupialization)
    - - Develops from dental lamina or its remnants; a developmental cyst
  - - - Swelling or expansion has been noted; some cases are asymptomatic; pain or discomfort, infection, and paresthesia have been reporting; mucoepidermoid carcinoma may be considered as well dentigerous cyst
    - - Reoccurrence rate is very high; radiographic examinations help for early diagnosis of recurrence
    - - Not applicable
    - - Most are treated conservatively with enucleation, curettage, cystectomy, and excision; high reoccurrence rate
    - - From odontogenic origins; locally aggressive
  - - - Tissue may have darker appearance and appear elevated; smooth bluish swelling dumb like on crest of alveolar ridge; radiographically seen as enlarged follicular space
    - - Failure of the tooth to irrupt; cyst may be opened to hasten irruption; most dissipate on their own
    - - Not applicable
    - - No treatment is necessary; removing overlying tissue may facilitate faster irruption
    - - AKA erruption hematoma; variant of dentigerous cyst; accumulation of fluid or blood between crown of interrupting tooth and the reduced in Yama Oregon, due to trauma
  - - - Patient may complain of pain, tenderness, and swelling, and drainage; on radiographs scene between maxillary central incisors; well circumscribed radiolucent which may have a sclerotic border; patient may complain of foul, salty taste with drainage
    - - Not radio graphically diagnostic; must be removed and biopsied for definitive microscopic evaluation
    - - Not applicable
    - - Complete surgical removal as needed; prognosis is good
    - - A developmental cyst; from epithelial remnants of embryologic structure of nasopalatine ducts
  - - - Usually only evident on radiographs; well circumscribed, unilocular, and sometimes multilocular; cyst appears completely radiolucent; always associated with the crown of an impacted or unerupted tooth, supernumerary tooth, or odontoma; there is fluid between crown of unerupted tooth and epithelium
    - - Delayed tooth irruption; can become very large and displays teeth and resorb roots
    - - Not applicable
    - - Complete removal is indicated
    - - Odontogenic; arise from change and dental follicle following crown formation
  - - - Asymptomatic; usually discovered on pano; seen as a radiolucency in posterior mandible below the mandibular canal; sharply circumscribed, oval, radiolucent lesion with a sclerotic border; usually found at the angle of the mandible
    - - Usually diagnosed clinically by radiographs; a biopsy may be needed when location is superior to the mandibular Canal
    - - Not applicable
    - - Close monitoring is important
    - - Not a true cyst; a defect in the mandible that surrounds salivary gland tissue; start to be in trapment of salivary gland tissue and not lined by epithelium
  - - - Asymptomatic in most cases; not noticed until radiographs usually; unilocular, round or oval, and well delineated;associated teeth are vital when multilocular cyst present known as the botryoid odontogenic cyst and has a great like appearance; cyst is well circumscribed; radiolucent area located laterally to roots of vital teeth
    - - Should be identified as the lateral periodontal cyst sense can rule out inflammatory type lesion or a more serious type of cyst or tumor such as the odontogenic keratocyst (OKC)
    - - Not applicable
    - - Surgical excision is best; vitality testing is important in order to avoid unnecessary endodontic treatment; prognosis is excellent
    - - Odontogenic, nonkeratinized developmental sis, believed to develop from the dental laminate remnants; most often unilocular, radio Lucent, and lateral to the root of a vital mandibular canine or premolar
- - - - Tumors may be unilocular or multilocular; radiolucencies may have a scalloped appearance; Nick Summers have been described as a step ladder or honeycombed appearance; well defined or die fuse margins
    - - Can be confused with other myxoid jaw neoplasms; tumors can become quite large, causing tooth displacement
    - - Not applicable
    - - Surgical removal with a wide margin is necessary; highly gelatinous material makes removal difficult with curettage; high rate of occurrence because nonencapsulated; fragments are difficult to remove
    - - Derive from odontogenic ectomesenchyme
  - - - Some swelling may be present; usually painless; potential for extensive growth causing jaw expansion; may show calcified material containing enamel and dentin; on radiographs maybe unilocular or multilocular; normally well defined and usually associated with an unerupted tooth
    - - Generally asymptomatic
    - - Not applicable
    - - Conservative excision is the treatment of choice; some reoccur as ameloblastic fibrosarcomas
    - - Mixed odontogenic tumor thought to originate from odontogenic ectomesenchyme and odontogenic epithelium; nonencapsulated; resembles dental papillae and small islands of odontogenic epithelium resembling dental lamina
  - - - Swelling of the facial area may occur; there may be root displacement and a bony hard expansion with an eggshell cracking appearance over protrusion; on radiograph appears radiolucent but may exhibit small opaque foci within tumor;
    - - Facial asymmetry is one of the first signs noticed; the tumor expands and should be excised
    - - Not applicable
    - - Complete removal of tumor is necessary, and prognosis is excellent
    - - And encapsulated benign epithelial odontogenic tumor
  - - - Poor healing is common; dermatologic conditions may be evident, and all bones of the body may be affected; may see lymphadenopathy, rashes and erythematic lesions on skin; on radiographs bone lesions resemble a punched out appearance with sharply demarcated lesions; lesions are commonly present as floating tooth/teeth; may appear with tenderness, pain, and swelling; distinguished by premature loosening and exfoliation of teeth and children
    - - Lesions that occur periapical he can be confused with periapical cyst or granulomas; tooth vitality would still be present
    - - Not applicable
    - - Depends on involvement and age; conservative surgical treatment is sometimes only treatment; extensive disease may require chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation; prognosis is more favorable when disease develops in old or young adults
    - - Unknown; proliferation of Langerhans cells, which normally reside in epidermis, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and mucosa