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Topic 5: Agricultural Practices of Malaysia - Coggle Diagram
Topic 5: Agricultural Practices of Malaysia
Historical Development
Pre-independence
rubber plantation, tea plantation, cocoa and coffee plantation. other crops are rice and fruits.
Post-Independence
New Economic Policy (1970-1984)
1st National Agricultural Policy (NAP) (1984-1991)
FELDA and FELCRA
2nd NAP (1992-1997)
NAP 3 (1998-2010)
Malaysian Agriculture's Characteristics
Estate/ Plantation. Highly commercialized and owned by private companies or public land development agencies. For example, cocoa, rubber and palm oil
Small holder. Less commercialized. For example, rice, fruits and vegetables
Industrial Crops
Coconut. Factors of declining are palm oil for cooking, low income, small farm size and low number of labour. But somehow coconut value-added products to rejuvenate the coconut industry such as virgin coconut oil.
Cocoa. Special characteristics of Malaysian cocoa is high melting point.
Rubber. Second major crop in the country. Factors to switched to oil palm are declining price of rubber, increasing cost production and declining in labour.
Oil Palm. Largest planted crop in Malaysia.
Coffee, sugarcane, tea.
Rice. Contributed 70% of national rice production
Fruits. The fruits are high demand for local and export. Types of fruits exported are watermelon, papaya, star fruit, durian and banana.
Floriculture
cut flowers; orchids, non-orchid
most planted commodity in 2010
Livestock
non-ruminat such as poultry and swine
ruminant such as cow, dairy, goat and etc
Fisheries & Aquaculture
farming of aquatic organisms (fish, mollusks, curstaceans and aquatic plants)
seaweed (algaculture) and pearl
Factors to growth
fruit & vegetable
government efforts in consolidating small orchard into larger organized farms
poultry production
integrated farming system introduced by fast-food chains
livestock production
farming practices
integrated farming
New source of Growth
herbs & spices; Pharmaceuticals, Natural products. For example, tongkat ali, hempedu bumi, kacip fatimah and etc
Agricultural Marketing
export crop sector
food sector
Federal Agricultural Marketing Authority (FAMA). Responsible for regulation and improvement of the marketing of agricultural products for domestic, export and import markets.