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Sciences - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Researchers have shown that individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when other people are around. The more people who witness someone needing help, the less likely people are to help
  - - - Forming hypothesis
      - Designing a study and collecting data
      - Analyzing the data and reaching conclusions
      - Sharing the findings
    - - Run an experiment many times with only one variant/modification changed each time
      - Results are different
      - Changes in one variable cause changes in another
- - - - Vagueness : cant verify or faslify, need measurements or even time periods
      - Ad hoc : often claims exceptions
    - - Karl Popper
        
        False belief -» helpful (brings us closer to believing true things)
        
        non-scientific
        
        knowledge = probability + contingency
  - - - Experiment
        
        Controllability
        
        Measureability
        
        Repeatability
      - Induction
      - Hypothesis
        
        (confirmation) Bias
        
        People tend to look for ecidence that confims their beliefs and overlook evidence that goes against them
        
        Impossible to prove that any particular hypothesis is true
        
        Problems
        
        Backgound assumptions
        
        Under-determination
      - Law
        
        Problem of induction
      - Measurement
      - Observation
        
        Problems
        
        Expectations
        
        Expert seeing
        
        Selectivity
        
        The observer effect
        
        Act of observation can affect what we observe
        
        Affect of observer on the observed
      - Repeatability
      - Theory