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Primary Medical Care, Bronchitis, Bronchiolitis, Pneumonia, Influenza,…
Primary Medical Care
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Common cold
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Medical treatment
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Decongestants, antihistamine, decongestant
Features
Nasal congestion, Facial pressure
Low-grade fever, Sneezing
Runny nose, Headache, Malaise
Sore throat, Cough, Myalgias
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Tonsillitis
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Medical treatments
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Penicillin for bacterial pharyngitis, rheumatic heart disease
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Pharyngitis
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Medical treatments
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Symptomatic: Dexamethasone(Singer dose), Gargles, Paracetamol
Features
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Pharyngeal erythema, ear pain
Fever, tonsillar exudates
Vital: coughing, rhinorrhea, conjunctivitis, headache, and a rash
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Epiglottis
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Medical treatments
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Symptomatic: Dexamethasone(Singer dose), Gargles, Paracetamol
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Breathlessness
Causes
Acute(minutes to hours)
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Heart disease (e.g. LVF, MI)
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Bronchiolitis
Investigation
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CXR to rule out other causes(e.g., pneumonia)
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Features
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Crackles, Wheezing, and rhonchia
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Tachypnea, severe retractions, grunting
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Pneumonia
Investigation
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Sputum gram stain, Hemoculture
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Features
Pleuritic chest, headache, Egophony
Shortness of breath, cyanosis, SpO2<92%
Tachypnea, nasal flaring, fatigue
Crepitations, Rhonchi, pleural rub
Fever, cough, decrease breath sounds
Influenza
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Features
Mild case: myalgia, headache, runny nose and congested eyes
Severe case: Shortness of breath, tachycardia, hypotension, respiratory failure
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Croup
Features
Difficulty breathing, Fever
nasal flaring, retraction, cyanosis
Cough, Stridor, hoarseness
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