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The Enlightenment, Mary Wollstonecraft - Coggle Diagram

- - - - High understanding of a particular idea
  - - - questioning long-held truths
        
        divine right
        
        religion
        
        science
        
        personal freedoms
- - - - it was the work of John Wesley, an Anglican minister.
        
        he had a mystical experience
        
        “the
        gift of God’s grace”
        
        Wesley’s powerful sermons often caused people to
        have conversion experiences.
        
        The Methodists stressed the importance of hard work and encouraged behaviors that led to spiritual contentment, which took the place of political equality.
        
        Wesley preached to the masses in open fields.
        
        “to lower religion to the level of the lowest people’s capacities”.
- - - - The growth of reading
        
        The spread of its ideas to the literate elite of European society grew up.
        
        The number of titles issued each year by French publishers rose from 300 in 1750 to about 1,600 in the 1780s.
        
        In Great Britain
        
        important center for the new magazines
        
        25 periodicals were published in 1700, 103 in 1760, and 158 in 1780.s
        
        development of magazines for the general public
      - The salon
        
        Enlightenment ideas were also spread through the salon
        
        Invited guests gathered in these salons and took part in conversations that were often centered on the new ideas of the philosophes
        
        The salons brought writers and artists together with aristocrats, government officials, and wealthy middle class people.
- - - - Enlightenment was based on an ideal of reason in all human beings
        
        Women have reason, then they are entitled to the same rights as men
      - Women should have equal rights in education, as well as in economic and political life.
      - The power of men over women was equally wrong.
- - - - "on the education of the natural man"
        
        education should foster, and not restrict, children's natural instincts.
- - - - person -> born with tabula rasa
- - - - identified three basic governments
        
        Republics
        
        Despotism
        
        Monarchies
  - - - criticism of Christianity and strong belief in religious
    - - reason
      - natural law
  - - - Encyclopedia, or Classified Dictionary of the Sciences, Arts, and Trades, a 28-volume collection of knowledge that he edited.
- - - - The palace of Louis XV at Versailles, France
      - The Austrian emperor, the Swedish King, and other rulers also built grandiose residences
      - Great Architect
        
        Balthasar Neumann
        
        the Church of the Fourteen Saints, southern Germany
        
        the Residence, palace of the prince-bishop of Wurzburg
        
        Style
        
        baroque
        
        neoclassical
      - New style
        
        Rococo
        
        Emphasized grace, charm and gentle action
        
        Made use of delicate designs colored in gold with graceful curves
        
        Appears in Antoine Watteau's works
        
        sense of enchantment and enthusiasm, especially in Giovanni Battista's works
    - - First half of the 18 century
        
        Johann Sebastian Bach
        
        music director at the Church of Saint Thomas in Leipzig
        
        composed his "Mass in B Minor and other works"
        
        George Frederick Handel
        
        known for his religious music
        
        George and Johann perfected the baroque musical style.
      - Second half of the 18 century
        
        Franz Joseph Haydn
        
        musical director for wealthy Hungarian princes
        
        "The Creation" and "The Scenes"
        
        Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
        
        Greatest operas of the world
        
        The Marriage of Figaro
        
        The Magic Flute
        
        Don Giovanni
    - - Henry Fielding
        
        wrote about people without morals
        
        best- known
        
        The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling
- - - - Prussia: Army and Bureaucray
      - The Austrian Empire
      - Russia under Catherine the Great