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hippocampus - Coggle Diagram
hippocampus
morphology
like a seahorse
laminar
function
early theories
olfaction (from anatomy, projection from nose to hippocampus
emotion ( later shows that was maybe due to amgdala
attention control
current dominant theory--memory
~1880 Wernicke-Koorsarkov syndrome major deficit in memory
~1950 patient HM
anterograde amnesia
1950 - 1970, animal studies aimed at recapitulate memory phenotype, confusing results
Tulving, 1972
episodic - episodes set in a spatiotemporal context
semantic - facts and context-independent material
Winograd, 1975 ... Cohen and Squire 1990
Declarative - episodic/semantic memory
procedural - skills, stimulus response
procedural memory experiment:
patient HM mirror reflection writing
( controlled by cerebellum
declarative memory theory
primary function of hippocampal formation is memory
selectively mediates the memory of truth and facts, can be consciously recalled
hippocampus operates collectively to mediate the formation and initial storage of declarative memories. a structure of medial temporal lobe memory system
the role of hippocampus in memory is time limited
lesion studies in primates - declarative memory
delay match experiment (could be labeled by animal so they do not need memory
delay non-match experiment
hippocampus is only a part of the memory system
working memory do not need hippo
Time limited -- systems-level memory consolidation:
hippo is important for initial phase of memory
cortex send information to hippo, the information is assembled in hippo
then hippo consolidate memory during sleep and send it back to cortex
when the consolidation is complete, the information is stored in cortex
proof: patient hm still have memory of past but cannot generate new memory
Cognitive Map theory, O'Keefe, 1978
main idea:
mental representation of individual acquiring, coding, store, recall and decoding information about laction and attributes of phenomenon in their spatial environment (what and where of episodic memory
place component of memory
association
navigation
experiments
morris water maze
radio armed maze
M maze
T maze
8 maze
