Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Neurological disorders - Coggle Diagram
Neurological disorders
Tumours
-
-
Metastasis
Process by which cells break off of tumour, travel through the vascular system and grow elsewhere
Malignant tumour
-
Tumour grows by infiltrating surrounding tissue and there is no clear border between tumour and normal tissue
-
Tumour initiating cells
Originate from transformations of neural stem cells, profilerate and give rise to gliomas
-
Metastatic tumour
One that grows from infiltrating cells and are carried to the brain by bloodstream from another region of the body
Encapsulated tumour
Develops in the brain, putting pressure on other parts
It has distinct borders between the mass of tumour cells and surrounding tissue and can be cut out without regrowing.
-
-
Infiltrating tumours
May either destriy normal cells and occupy their place or surrounding existing cells, interfering with their normal function
-
Strokes
Symptoms
Sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body
Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or difficulty understanding speech
-
Trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or lack of coordination
-
-
Cerebral haemorrhage
When a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, blood seeps in the surrounding neural tissue, damaging it
Aneurysm
Pathological dilation that forms in a wall of an artery at a point where elasticity of artery is defective
-
Thrombosis
Blood on vessels coagulates and forms a plug, blocking blood flow at the site of formation
Embolism
Plug carried by blood from larger vessel where it was formed to a smaller one, obstructing circulation
-
Takes a while to develop, does not occur equally in all parts of the brain and it's mechanisms vary from structure to structure within the brain
-
-
-
If stroke affects region largely supplied by weak or diseased vessels- effects more serious because no possibility of compensation
Blood vessels become blocked, so blood-deprived neurons become overactive and release excessive quantities of glutamate
-
-
Closed head injuries
-
-
Countercoup injuries
Contusions occur on side of the brain opposite to side struck because blow causes brain to strike inside of the skull on the other side of the head
Concussion
Diagnosis when there is disturbance of consciousness after blow to the head without evidence of contusion or other damage
-
-
-
-
Parkinsons
-
-
-
-
-
-
Degenrative is widepread, but more severe in substantia nigra
-
-
-
-
Alzheimers
-
-
Causes progressive memory loss, motor deficits and eventually death
-
-
-
Amyloid plaques
Clumps of scar tissue composed of degenerating neurons and protein amyloid which is present in small amounts in normal brains
-
Also present in the inferior temporal cortex, posterior parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex
-
-
-
Schizophrenia
-
Type I
-
Results from dopaminergic dysfunction and people suffering from this type are expected to be more responsive to drugs
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-