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UNIT 4A: HELPING THEORIES - Coggle Diagram
UNIT 4A: HELPING THEORIES
PERSON-CENTERED THEORY by Carl Rogers
Emphasizing Understanding and Caring rather than diagnosis, advice and persuasion
The Three Natural Tendencies
Actualizing tendency -> Towards self actualization
Directional Tendency-> In the direction towards growth
Formation Tendency -> Grow to our best limits with the resources we have
The Views of Human Behavior
Human are rational, good and capable of assuming responsibilitity for themselves
People are constructive, cooperatiive, trustworthy, realistic and social.
This is a SELF THEORY
Based on a belief that people act in accordance with their "SELF-CONCEPT"
The self-concept includes three components:
* Self Worth
- what we think about ourselves. (Developed in early childhood)
* Self-image
( Affect on how a person thinks feels and behaves in the world)
* Ideal Self
(This is the person who we would like to be)
SELF WORTH & POSITIVE REGARD:
Having two basic needs (Positive Regard from other people and Self-worth)
Importance to
Psychological Health
HIGH Self-worth
has confidence and positive feelings (Accepts failure n is open with people)
LOW Self-worth
may avoid challenges in life.
Unconditional positive regard
is where parents, significant others accepts and loves the person
for what he or she is.
Conditional positive regard
is where positive regard, praise and approval, depend upon the child, for example,
behaving in ways that the person think.
1.Empathy
(Creation of an empathic relationship between therapist and client)
2.Congruency
(The counsellor's genuine behavior and non-verbal language)
3.Unconditional positive regard or acceptance
(Accept and appreciate the client)
REALITY THERAPY by William Glasser
Five Basic Needs:
1.Survival
2.Belonging
3.Power Or Respect
4.Freedom
5.Fun
POWER:
To feel important, recgnized, respect, accomplished being heard.
FREEDOM:
To live your life as you choose.
BELONGING / LOVE:
The commitment can be seen through your willingness to share your Quality World.
SURVIVAL:
To taking care of yourself by eating, drinking, seeking shelter and resisting illness
FUN:
To laugh and learn. The more you laugh and desire to learn, the greater your need for fun
CHOICE THEORY & REALITY THERAPY by Robert E. Wubbolding
Developed Reality Therapy as the
WDEP system
WANTS:
-Client's Goal
-What do you actually want and what would you be doing if you were living as you want to?
DOING and DIRECTION:
-What have you done so far to achieve your wants?
-What are you currently doing?
-Where do you want to go?
EVALUATION:
-Does your present behavior have a reasonable chance of getting you what you want?
PLANNING:
"SAMIC"
SIMPLE=
Easy to understand, specific and concrete.
ATTAINABLE=
Within the capacities and motivation of the client.
MEASURABLE=
Are the changes observable and helpful?
IMMEDIATE and INVOLVED=
What can be done today? what can you do?
CONTROLLED=
Can you do this by yourself or will you be dependent on others? Can you do this on a continuous basis?
1.Choice
2.Control
3.Behavior
4.Reality
5.My Quality World
6.Taking Responsibility