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Different Types of Infections, Contagious Diseases, AARYA PULKUNDWAR BBT…

- - - - disease occurs only occasionally eg. Typhoid fever in US
    - - if many people in a given area acquire a certain disease in a relatively short period. Eg. Influenza
    - - disease constantly present in a population eg. Common cold
    - - an epidemic disease that occurs worldwide. Eg. AIDS
- - - - the presence of bacteria in the blood
    - - bacteria multiply in the blood
    - - presence of toxins in the blood
    - - presence of viruses in blood
- - - - carriers
    - - zoonoses eg rabies
    - - soil water
  - - - Direct
        
        Infectious diseases are commonly transmitted through direct person-to-person contact. Transmission occurs when an infected person touches or exchanges body fluids with someone else. This can happen before an infected person is aware of the illness. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) can be transmitted this way. Pregnant women can also transmit infectious diseases to their unborn children via the placenta. Some STDs, including gonorrhea, can be passed from mother to baby during childbirth.
      - Indirect
        
        This occurs when the agent of disease is transmitted from its reservoir to a susceptible host by means of a nonliving object. The general term for any nonliving object involved in the spread of an infect is a fomite. Eg. Tissues, handkerchiefs, towels, bedding, diapers, drinking cups, etc
    - - The spray of droplets during coughing and sneezing can spread an infectious disease. You can even infect another person through droplets created when you speak. Since droplets fall to the ground within a few feet, this type of transmission requires close proximity.
    - - Transmission by food, water, air, blood, body fluids, drugs, intravenous fluids
    - - Some zoonotic infectious agents are transmitted by insects, especially those that suck blood. These include mosquitos, fleas, and ticks. The insects become infected when they feed on infected hosts, such as birds, animals, and humans. The disease is then transmitted when the insect bites a new host. Malaria, West Nile virus, and Lyme disease are all spread this way.
    - - Mechanical transmission of disease pathogens occurs when a vector transports organisms, such as bacteria that cause dysentery, on its feet, body hairs and other body surfaces to the host. There is no multiplication or development of the pathogen within the vector's body
    - - Biological transmission occurs when the vector uptakes the agent, usually through a blood meal from an infected animal, replicates and/or develops it, and then regurgitates the pathogen onto or injects it into a susceptible animal. Fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes are common biological vectors of disease