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ALPHONSE BERTILLON - Coggle Diagram
ALPHONSE BERTILLON
Bertillonage
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Unique method - 4,191,304 to 1 probability
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Mug Shots, Systemised Crime Scene Photos, Scientific Investigation, Invented the concept auto forgery for handwriting (was a disaster)
Will & William West (1903) - The system failed as two unrelated prisoners in Leavenworth Prison (USA) were found to have identical measurements, method found not to be unique for identification, fingerprinting was competing as a ID method
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Bertillion
1853 to 1914 - Born in Paris from a well-known scientific family - Father Louis-Adolphe (1821 to 1883) was an anthropologist and statistician
Grandfather - Achille Guillard (1799 to 1876) as a demographer who is credited as investing the term demographic
Commence position with the Police in Paris at Age 26 - is able to recognise the difficulties of ID of recidivist and develops a system involving series of anthropometric values
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1st proposal Oct 1879m dismissesd, 4 years later, they tested his proposed system
1760 to 1840
A transformation from farm life and cottage industry to new mass manufacturing processes (Coal Powered)
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The Lost Identities (Industrialisation) - Vast number of people migrated from rural to city causing huge population growth
No state records in the 19th Century - No Passports, No Drivers Licences, No social security numbers
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The Dreyfus Affair Case
Caot Alfred Dreyfus (1859 to 1935) convicted of treason and sentenced to life on Devils Island, accused of providing french military secrets to the german embassy, supporters referred to Dreyfusards and anti Dreyfusards
Key evidence was a document referred to as " the Bordereau) - Evidence presented by Bertillion 1894 and again in 1899 as a handwriting expert
Second Trial - sentence reduced by 10 years, evidence discredited in 1904, 1906 he was exonerated and reinstated to the French Army
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by 1870
Science widely accepted, police established, the state has a method of identifying citizens and prisons records emerge with the aid of photos. Law reforms have increased prison population
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