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Hazardous waste management : current status and future strategies in…
Hazardous waste management : current status and future strategies in Malaysia
Introduction
rapid industrialisation, waste and pollutants cause enviromental issue
waste is define as something unwanted and has no economic value
waste disposal through landfill create continuous environmental issue
does not provide a sustainable solution as more land is require to cater the increase of waste generation
disposal activities require high cost and pose problem such as odour, leachate, air pollution and surface water and groundwater contamination
new measures need to be taken to handle environmental problem effectively in the future
Overview of current status of hazardous waste management
Hazardous waste in Malaysia
Hazardous waste means waste which contain one or more properties that pose risk and dangers to health or the environment
EQA (1974) waste is defined as any matter prescribed to be scheduled waste or any matter whether in a solid, semi solid or liquid form of a vapour, which is emitted, discharged or deposited in the environment to cause pollution
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) describe solid waste as any solid waste, as any liquid or solid or contained gas material that no longer use and is recycled or thrown away
largest quantities of hazardous waste were mainly located on the west coast of Malaysia
large increase in toxic and hazardous waste due to accumulation of large number of waste
the highest quantity of scheduled waste generated occur in 1996
main categories of waste in Malaysia
mineral sludge
metal dross
slag and clinker waste
oil
hydrocarbon waste
other waste
paint waste
lacquer and ink waste
photographic waste
spent catalyst
acid and alkali waste
hazardous waste was disposed through incineration process to treat organic waste such as mineral oil waste, waste solvent, pesticide waste and waste containing halogens and sulphur
hazardous waste generation must be control to protect public health and the environment
regulation, standards and policy systems for manage hazardous waste
EQA 1974 ( control hazardous waste in Malaysia
EQA 1974 defines scheduled waste as any waste falling within categories of waste listed in the first schedule
key focus in scheduled waste regulation 2005
control the generation of waste by notification system
avoid or minimize the waste generation
licensing of scheduled waste facilities
safe storage of waste
treatment and disposal of waste at prescribed premie
EQR (1974)
enviroment quality (scheduled waste) regulation 2005)
environment impact assessment 1987
environmental quality (scheduled waste treatment and disposal facilities) regulation 1989
the regulations cover the management of potentially toxic and hazardous waste from their source and the treatment and disposal approach
illegal dumping of scheduled waste
mainyl waste paint, mineral oil and dross
the activities were carry out in secluded area
illegal dumping of toxic waste were contributed by the illegal factories and unlicensed transporter at illegal dumpsite with/without permission from landowner
E waste has become serious environmental and health challenge for two major reasons
E waste contains component such as accumulators, mercury swticher, glass from cathode ray tube contaminated with radiation and other activated glass
in 2007, there are more than 700 million obsolete computer, mobilephone
computer waste contain heavy metal such as lead, chromium and mercury that very dangerous to human health
strategies and focusing on hazardous waste
recovery of waste
contaminated land
enforcement
counter measures
strengthen the hazardous waste manamgement policy
disposal of hazardous waste